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Naked Exclusion under Exclusive-offer Competition

Author

Listed:
  • Hiroshi Kitamura
  • Noriaki Matsushima
  • Misato Sato
  • Wataru Tamura

Abstract

This study constructs a model of exclusive-offer competition between two existing upstream firms. Under exclusive-offer competition, the upstream firm's profit depends on the rival's exclusive offer. If the rival makes an exclusive offer acceptable for the downstream firm, the upstream firm is excluded unless it succeeds in exclusion. Consequently, the upper bound of exclusive offers becomes higher than when one of the upstream firms is a potential entrant that cannot make any exclusive offer. Thus, the exclusion of the existing upstream firm can be an equilibrium outcome even in the case where the potential entrant is never excluded.

Suggested Citation

  • Hiroshi Kitamura & Noriaki Matsushima & Misato Sato & Wataru Tamura, 2025. "Naked Exclusion under Exclusive-offer Competition," ISER Discussion Paper 1280, Institute of Social and Economic Research, The University of Osaka.
    • Handle: RePEc:dpr:wpaper:1280
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    2. Ke Liu & Xiaoxuan Meng, 2021. "Exclusive dealing when upstream displacement is possible," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(4), pages 830-843, November.
    3. Hiroshi Kitamura & Noriaki Matsushima & Misato Sato, 2023. "Defending Home against Giants: Exclusive Dealing as a Survival Strategy for Local Firms," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 71(2), pages 441-463, June.

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