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The Inflationary Footprint of Fiscal Policy: Evidence from Disaggregated U.S. Spending

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  • Ascari, Guido
  • Florio, Anna
  • Gobbi, Alessandro
  • Melosi, Leonardo

Abstract

Theory shows that fiscal spending shocks generate wealth effects when they are perceived to lack credible backing. Fiscal backing is an intertemporal concept, as it depends on expectations about the availability of fiscal resources to cover debt over time, making it difficult to measure empirically. For defense spending, immediate fund availability serves as a useful proxy, whereas for mandatory programs it does not, and mandatory spending does not generate wealth effects except when it entails a persistent structural shift, as in the Social Security expansions of the 1960s. Unbacked wartime buildups are a significant driver of inflation and output.

Suggested Citation

  • Ascari, Guido & Florio, Anna & Gobbi, Alessandro & Melosi, Leonardo, 2025. "The Inflationary Footprint of Fiscal Policy: Evidence from Disaggregated U.S. Spending," CEPR Discussion Papers 20687, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:20687
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