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HALT: Heterogeneous-Agent Liquidity Traps

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  • Bilbiie, Florin

Abstract

In a tractable heterogeneous-agent New-Keynesian model, I study analytically liquidity traps. Heterogeneity determines whether liquidity traps are confidence-driven or fundamental, excess-saving driven, where the latter can be triggered by shocks to inequality or income risk. Heterogeneity amplifies liquidity-trap recessions (without relying on deep deflations), fiscal multipliers, and forward-guidance power when income inequality and risk are countercyclical. Dampening occurs instead when inequality and risk are procyclical, ruling out confidence-driven traps, neo-Fisherian effects, and the forward guidance puzzle. Optimal monetary policy implies that forward-guidance duration is optimally shortened by the same inequality motives that amplify its power.

Suggested Citation

  • Bilbiie, Florin, 2021. "HALT: Heterogeneous-Agent Liquidity Traps," CEPR Discussion Papers 16625, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:16625
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Heterogeneity; Inequality; Tractable hank; Liquidity traps; Neo-fisher; Multipliers; Forward guidance; Optimal monetary policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E40 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - General
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E60 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - General
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory

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