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Exchange Rates and Monetary Policy with Heterogeneous Agents: Sizing up the Real Income Channel

Author

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  • Auclert, Adrien
  • Rognlie, Matthew
  • Souchier, Martin
  • Straub, Ludwig

Abstract

Introducing heterogeneous households to a New Keynesian small open economy model amplifies the real income channel of exchange rates: the rise in import prices from a depreciation lowers households’ real incomes, and leads them to cut back on spending. When the sum of import and export elasticities is one, this channel is offset by a larger Keynesian multiplier, heterogeneity is irrelevant, and expenditure switching drives the output response. With plausibly lower short-term elasticities, however, the real income channel dominates, and depreciation can be contractionary for output. This weakens monetary transmission and creates a dilemma for policymakers facing capital outflows. Delayed import price pass-through weakens the real income channel, while heterogeneous consumption baskets can strengthen it.

Suggested Citation

  • Auclert, Adrien & Rognlie, Matthew & Souchier, Martin & Straub, Ludwig, 2021. "Exchange Rates and Monetary Policy with Heterogeneous Agents: Sizing up the Real Income Channel," CEPR Discussion Papers 16198, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:16198
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    Cited by:

    1. Oleg Itskhoki & Dmitry Mukhin, 2022. "Sanctions and the Exchange Rate," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 57(3), pages 148-151, May.
    2. Oskolkov, Aleksei, 2023. "Exchange rate policy and heterogeneity in small open economies," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    3. Corsetti, Giancarlo & Dedola, Luca & Leduc, Sylvain, 2023. "Exchange rate misalignment and external imbalances: what is the optimal monetary policy response?," Working Paper Series 2843, European Central Bank.
    4. Santiago Camara, 2022. "TANK meets Diaz-Alejandro: Household heterogeneity, non-homothetic preferences & policy design," Papers 2201.02916, arXiv.org.
    5. Francesco Ferrante & Nils M. Gornemann, 2022. "Devaluations, Deposit Dollarization, and Household Heterogeneity," International Finance Discussion Papers 1336, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    6. Colin J. Hottman & Ryan Monarch, 2023. "Who’s Most Exposed to International Shocks? Estimating Differences in Import Price Sensitivity across U.S. Demographic Groups," Working Papers 23-13, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    7. Gyöngyösi, Győző & Rariga, Judit & Verner, Emil, 2021. "The anatomy of consumption in a household foreign currency debt crisis," SAFE Working Paper Series 332, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    8. Javier Bianchi & Guido Lorenzoni, 2021. "The Prudential Use of Capital Controls and Foreign Currency Reserves," NBER Working Papers 29476, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Corsetti, Giancarlo & Dedola, Luca & Leduc, Sylvain, 2023. "Exchange rate misalignment and external imbalances: What is the optimal monetary policy response?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    10. Pieroni, Valerio, 2023. "Energy shortages and aggregate demand: Output loss and unequal burden from HANK," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    11. Javier Bianchi & Louphou Coulibaly, 2021. "Liquidity Traps, Prudential Policies, and International Spillovers," Working Papers 780, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
    12. Javier Bianchi & Louphou Coulibaly, 2023. "A Theory of Fear of Floating," NBER Working Papers 30897, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Hong, Seungki, 2023. "MPCs in an emerging economy: Evidence from Peru," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    14. Santiago Camara & Maximo Sangiacomo, 2022. "Borrowing Constraints in Emerging Markets," Papers 2211.10864, arXiv.org.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics

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