IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/col/000547/017697.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Decomposing the Rise of the Skill Premium in the Colombian Manufacturing Sector

Author

Listed:
  • Catalina Gutiérrez-Sourdis

Abstract

In this paper I develop a framework that provides a simple and explicit mechanism for understanding and quantifying the role of trade and technology in the rise of the skill premium in developing countries. The distinguishing features of the model can be summarized as follows: Under capital‐skill complementarity, a rise in the demand for capital will increase the wage gap. Three different forces may spur demand for capital. First, increased trade, which may raise output as well as lower the cost of imported machinery and equipment. Second, technological change, understood as a decrease in the price of capital. Finally, structural reforms may also affect the demand for capital by changing its relative price. Based on the model, an empirical methodology is developed to quantify the contribution of each of these factors to the rise in the skill premium of the Colombian manufacturing sector. I find that trade liberalization accounted for a 17% of the rise in the skill premium and exogenous technological change explains 32%. The rest is explained by other structural reforms implemented as part of the general process of globalization, mainly changes in the exchange rate and foreign investment regimes. ***** En este trabajo desarrollo un modelo que permite entender y cuantificar el papel jugado por la apertura comercial y el cambio tecnológico global en el incremento del diferencial salarial entre la mano de obra calificada y no calificada, en países en desarrollo. Las características principales del modelo se pueden resumir así: si el trabajo calificado es complementario con el capital (maquinarias y equipos), un incremento en la demanda por capital hará que aumente la demanda por mano de obra calificada y con ello su retorno (el salario de los trabajadores calificados), lo que a su vez incrementaría la brecha salarial. Tres fuerzas diferentes pueden presionar la demanda por capital. Primero, una mayor integración comercial, si esta se traduce en crecimiento del producto y en una reducción de los aranceles sobre el capital importado. Segundo, un cambio tecnológico global, entendido como una caída en el precio del capital por unidad de eficiencia del mismo. Finalmente, otras reformas estructurales también pueden afectar el precio del capital, al cambiar su precio relativo; por ejemplo, aquellas reformas que afecten la tasa de cambio. Con base en este modelo, se disena una metodología para cuantificar la contribución de cada uno de estos factores al incremento de la brecha salarial de la industria manufacturera colombiana. Los resultados sugieren que la liberalización comercial explica un 17% del incremento y el cambio tecnológico global hace lo propio en un 32%. El resto se explica por otras reformas implementadas como parte del proceso de globalización de la economía colombiana, en particular las reformas al régimen cambiario y de capitales.

Suggested Citation

  • Catalina Gutiérrez-Sourdis, 2012. "Decomposing the Rise of the Skill Premium in the Colombian Manufacturing Sector," Documentos de trabajo 17697, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017697
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://egob.uniandes.edu.co/images/books/pdf/Docs_trabajo_1-interiores.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:col:000547:017697. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Alejandra Rojas Forero (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/egandco.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.