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Diagnóstico mixto para la superación de pobreza en Villapinzón, Cundinamarca: identificación de áreas prioritarias de intervención

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  • Edna Bautista Hernández
  • María Fernanda Torres

Abstract

Este documento diagnostica la condición de pobreza de Villapinzón a partir de las dimensiones del Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional. Investigaciones previas no dan cuenta de mediciones de pobreza a nivel local. El objetivo de esta tesis es determinar a través de un diagnóstico mixto ¿cuál es la situación actual de pobreza en Villapinzón?, con el fin de identificar áreas prioritarias de intervención y proponer preliminarmente alternativas para avanzar en la superación de pobreza en el municipio. Este diagnóstico se desarrolló a partir de una metodología mixta. El componente cualitativo se realizó durante los meses de julio y octubre de 2012, a través de cuatro fases de investigación: I) visitas previas; II) observación participante; III) grupos focales y IV) entrevistas. El componente cuantitativo incluye el cálculo de i) la incidencia de pobreza multidimensional en Villapinzón; ii) la incidencia ajustada de pobreza multidimensional; iii) el cálculo de la brecha de pobreza ajustada y iv) un análisis multivariado. Estas aproximaciones permitieron identificar nuevas dimensiones y tendencias que no habrían sido reconocidas si los fenómenos multidimensionales de pobreza hubieran sido analizados de manera aislada con una sola metodología. Esta tesis se aproximó a una nueva medición de pobreza en el nivel local, que a partir de fuentes primarias y secundarias (cálculo a partir del Sisbén), generó una nueva visión de las condiciones de vida y de pobreza de los villapinzonenses. Finalmente, se proponen intervenciones en áreas prioritarias: educación, vivienda, trabajo y dinámica familiar. Las recomendaciones aquí enunciadas son un punto de partida, y sugieren futuras líneas de investigación, análisis de política e intervenciones dentro del municipio. ***** This study explores poverty as a multidimensional phenomenon in a small municipality in Colombia. To do so, we employ a mixed method design that aims to explore poverty combining both quantitative and qualitative research techniques. The purpose is to identify and operationalize the dimensions of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). We also aim to identify potential intervention areas that can contribute to the social policy agenda of the local authorities in this Colombian village. The MPI-Colombia measures five dimensions: household education conditions; childhood and youth conditions; labor; health and access to household utilities and living conditions. The methodological approach allowed us to identify new dimensions and risk factors that would not have been recognized if multidimensional poverty phenomena have been analyzed in isolation. The qualitative component was conducted through four phases of research: I) pre-study research, II) participant observation, III) focus groups and IV) interviews. The quantitative component estimates I) the Multidimensional Headcount Ratio; II) the Adjusted Headcount Ratio, III) the Adjusted Poverty Gap and IV) a multivariate analysis. The exploratory results of this research indicate that the most critical dimensions of MPI in the case studied are education; labor and housing conditions. Finally, our research allowed us to identify new dimensions of poverty. We identified that geographic isolation, domestic violence and teenage pregnancy affects household welfare. The recommendations of this study are the beginning for future research, policy analysis and interventions in this municipality.

Suggested Citation

  • Edna Bautista Hernández & María Fernanda Torres, 2013. "Diagnóstico mixto para la superación de pobreza en Villapinzón, Cundinamarca: identificación de áreas prioritarias de intervención," Documentos de trabajo 17694, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017694
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