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Un piso de protección social para preservar la vida: informalidad, pobreza y vulnerabilidad en tiempos de COVID-19

Author

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  • Roberto Mauricio Sánchez Torres
  • ergio Chaparro Hernández

Abstract

Este texto analiza el potencial impacto del coronavirus y las medidas para mitigarlo sobre la pobreza en las 13 principales ciudades de Colombia producto de la parálisis de la economía informal. Con base en una simulación basada en la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares, se estima que, aún en presencia de las medidas tomadas por el gobierno nacional para apoyar a la población de menores ingresos, la tasa de pobreza pasaría de 18% a 32% y la pobreza extrema de 4,5% a 16,7%, como consecuencia de la pérdida de ingresos laborales en el sector informal de alrededor de 4,1 millones de personas. A partir de simular los incrementos en las transferencias que serían necesarios para evitar un aumento de la pobreza, se discuten los méritos de algunas propuestas de política planteadas por expertos, instituciones académicas y organizaciones de la sociedad civil. El artículo propone la necesidad de adoptar un esquema de renta básica de emergencia como primer componente de un piso de protección social basado en derechos, el cual debería mantenerse más allá de la emergencia como un aprendizaje esencial de esta crisis. *** This paper analyzes the potential impact of COVID-19 and contention measures on poverty in the 13 main cities of Colombia as a result of the paralysis of the informal economy. Drawing on a simulation with data from household surveys (GEIH), it is estimated that, despite current governmental emergency transfers to support households, poverty rate has increased from 18% to 32% and extreme poverty from 4.5% to 16.7%, as a consequence of a suddenly interruption of labor income earning of around 4.1 million informal workers. Based on an estimation of the amount of monetary transfers required to avoid any increasement in poverty, the paper discusses the merits of some policy proposals made by experts, academic institutions and civil society organizations. The article argues for the need to adopt an emergency basic income scheme as the first component of a rights-based social protection floor which should remain in place beyond the public health emergency, as an essential learning from this crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto Mauricio Sánchez Torres & ergio Chaparro Hernández, 2020. "Un piso de protección social para preservar la vida: informalidad, pobreza y vulnerabilidad en tiempos de COVID-19," Investigaciones y Productos CID 18148, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000426:018148
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    File URL: http://fce.unal.edu.co/centro-editorial/documentos/investigaciones-y-productos-cid/2573-35-un-piso-de-proteccion-social-para-preservar-la-vida-informalidad-pobreza-y-vulnerabilidad-en-tiempos-de-covid-19.html
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    Keywords

    Coronavirus; Informalidad laboral; pobreza; protección social;
    All these keywords.

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