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Política de ajuste y lucha de clases. Uruguay, 2015-2019

Author

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  • Jorge Notaro

Abstract

Resumen: El objetivo del artículo es mostrar la relación de algunas decisiones de política económica en Uruguay, desde 2015 hasta 2019, con las reivindicaciones de grupos que se pueden considerar clases sociales de acuerdo a la definición adoptada. Se utilizó una metodología interdisciplinaria, heterodoxa, con planteamientos de Lukács (1969) considerando la sociedad como totalidad en movimiento y también de García (2006) con su definición de “sistema complejo” que orienta el análisis de las interrelaciones de la política económica, como una pieza de un engranaje social complejo y vasto, en un doble sentido, como condicionada y condicionante. Se concluyó que se implementó un ajuste heterodoxo, los objetivos fueron los característicos de estas políticas, pero la instrumentación incorporó innovaciones. La satisfacción del capital financiero se manifestó tanto en su discurso —expresado por el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) y las calificadoras de riesgo— como en su práctica, por la creciente demanda de los bonos soberanos. La política que se instrumentalizó como estrategia de la alianza de clases dominantes hegemonizada por el capital financiero se impuso a pesar de la lucha de las organizaciones populares, en la pugna por la apropiación del excedente económico y la dominación. Abstract: The aim of the article is to show the relationship of some Economic Policy decisions in Uruguay, from 2015 to 2019, with the demands of groups that can be considered social classes according to the definition adopted. An interdisciplinary, heterodox methodology was used, with influences from Lukács (1969) considering society as a whole in motion and from García (2006) with his definition of "complex system" that guides the analysis of the interrelationships of Economic Policy, as a piece of a complex and vast social gear, in a double sense, as conditioned and as conditioning. It was concluded that a heterodox adjustment was implemented, the objectives were the characteristics of these policies but the instrumentation incorporated innovations. The satisfaction of financial capital was manifested both in its speech, expressed by the International Monetary Fund and the risk rating agencies, and in its practice, due to the growing demand for sovereign bonds. The policy that was instrumentalized as a strategy of the alliance of dominant classes hegemonized by financial capital was imposed despite the opposition of the popular organizations, in the struggle for the appropriation of the economic surplus and domination.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Notaro, 2022. "Política de ajuste y lucha de clases. Uruguay, 2015-2019," Ensayos de Economía 20648, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000418:020648
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    File URL: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ede/article/view/96843
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    Keywords

    política económica; política de ajuste; metodología; interdiciplinar; sistema complejo; clases sociales (es)econonomic policy; adjustment policy; methodology; interdiscipline; complex system; social classes (en);
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A12 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
    • E60 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - General
    • F60 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - General
    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • P16 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Capitalist Institutions; Welfare State

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