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Modelo cualitativo para estudiar la internacionalización de las multilatinas Colombianas

Author

Listed:
  • Mesa Callejas, Ramón Javier
  • Lopera Castaño, Mauricio
  • Valencia Guzmán, Paola Melisa
  • Álvarez Marín, Mónica Andrea
  • Uribe Polo, Paula Andrea

Abstract

Resumen: Este trabajo examina la internacionalización de las multilatinas colombianas en la última década y propone un modelo de estudio cualitativo de este fenómeno a partir de tres aspectos importantes: patrones de expansión, beneficios alcanzados y riesgos e incertidumbre derivados de la inversión en el exterior de las companías colombianas. Utilizando una muestra de 14 estudios de caso correspondientes a multilatinas de diferentes sectores productivos, contrastamos con los directivos de estas companías, la percepción que tienen frente a estos tres asuntos en particular. En general, los hallazgos sugieren un perfil de expansión influenciado por la oportunidad del entorno, el aprendizaje exportador y las mejoras en la productividad. Igualmente, como beneficios importantes se destacan las transformaciones organizativas en las empresas, la rentabilidad del negocio y el conocimiento de los mercados. Adicionalmente, a nivel de los riesgos, las ventajas competitivas que enfrentan las empresas de economías en desarrollo cuando actúan en entornos complejos y con alto riesgo. Estas particularidades permiten sugerir un modelo de estudio que comprende la expansión, los aprendizajes y la gestión de riesgo, con algunos elementos comunes de las teorías clásicas de la internacionalización, donde la adaptación, extensión e incluso combinación de teorías y modelos proporcionan bases para explicar, interpretar y analizar la expansión internacional de las multilatinas colombianas observadas. Abstract : This paper examines the colombian multilatinas internationalization in the last decade and proposes a qualitative study model of this phenomenon, based on three important aspects: Expansion patterns, Achieved benefits and Risk as uncertainty derived from investment abroad by colombian companies. Using a sample of 14 case studies, corresponding to multilatinas from different productive sectors, we contrasted with the managers of these companies, the perception they have regarding these particular three issues. In general, the findings suggest an expansion profile influenced by the environment opportunity, export learning and improvements in productivity, as well as important benefits such as organizational transformations in companies, business profitability and knowledge of the markets. In addition, at the risk level, the competitive advantages faced by companies in developing economies when they operate in complex and high-risk environments. These particularities allow us to suggest a study model that includes both expansion, learning and risk management to some common elements of classical internationalization theories, where the adaptation, extension and even combination of theories and models, provide bases to explain and interpret the international expansion of the Colombian multilatinas observed.

Suggested Citation

  • Mesa Callejas, Ramón Javier & Lopera Castaño, Mauricio & Valencia Guzmán, Paola Melisa & Álvarez Marín, Mónica Andrea & Uribe Polo, Paula Andrea, 2018. "Modelo cualitativo para estudiar la internacionalización de las multilatinas Colombianas," Borradores Departamento de Economía 17177, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000196:017177
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    inversión extranjera directa; empresas multinacionales de mercados emergentes; internacionalización; multilatinas;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • F29 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Other

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