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Descentralización (y centralización) sin representación: a propósito de la composición territorial del congreso colombiano

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  • Jorge Armando Rodríguez

Abstract

Este artículo explora la composición territorial del Congreso bicameral colombiano en las legislaturas del período 1991-2018. Ilustra la prevalencia y persistencia del fenómeno de los Departamentos sin senador, que ha afectado a jurisdicciones pequenas y medianas en tamano de población. Muestra que la composición de la Cámara de Representantes y la del Senado tienden a duplicarse, con predominio de las entidades territoriales más pobladas. Arguye que las reglas de composición del Senado no son inclusivas territorialmente y que conducen a una concentración geográfica excesiva del poder político, desaprovechando las posibilidades que ofrece el bicameralismo como mecanismo de balance de poderes en una democracia. Los problemas de representación política territorial en el centro no son intrascendentes: es allí donde se forja el marco legal de la descentralización y la centralización. El escrito analiza algunas propuestas y medidas dirigidas a encararlos. *** This paper explores the territorial composition of the Colombian bicameral Congress in the legislatures of the period 1991-2018. It illustrates the prevalence and persistence of the phenomenon of Departments without a Senator, which has affected small and medium-sized jurisdictions in population. It shows that the composition of the House of Representatives and that of the Senate tend to be similar, with predominance of the most populous territorial entities. It argues that the rules of composition of the Senate are not territorially inclusive and lead to an excessive geographical concentration of political power, missing out on the possibilities offered by bicameralism as a balance of power mechanism in a democracy. The problems of territorial political representation in the center are not inconsequential: It is there where the legal framework of decentralization and centralization is forged. The paper discusses some proposals and measures aimed at addressing such problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Armando Rodríguez, 2017. "Descentralización (y centralización) sin representación: a propósito de la composición territorial del congreso colombiano," Documentos de Trabajo, Escuela de Economía 15321, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000178:015321
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    File URL: http://www.fce.unal.edu.co/centro-editorial/docs/escuela-de-economia/81-descentralizacion-y-centralizacion-sin-representacion-a-proposito-de-lacomposicion-territorial-del-congreso-colombiano
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Constitución de 1991; Representación política; Congreso de la República; Bicameralismo; Sistema electoral; Gobiernos subnacionales; Descentralización fiscal; Centralización;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • H77 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - Intergovernmental Relations; Federalism
    • K10 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - General (Constitutional Law)
    • K16 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - Election Law

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