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Logros en equidad del sistema de salud y la reforma en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Jairo Núnez Méndez (Dir. proy.)
  • Juan F. Castillo (Colab.)
  • Nicolás Lasso (Colab.)

Abstract

Este documento presenta una descripción de los logros del sistema de salud actual en Colombia, junto con algunos problemas y propuestas, en un contexto en el cual el gobierno nacional presentó el proyecto de ley con la reforma a la salud que modificaría varios aspectos del sistema. En primer lugar, es posible afirmar que el sistema de salud actual ha contribuido a tener coberturas casi universales de aseguramiento, un menor gasto por parte de los afiliados e, incluso, la protección financiera de los hogares. Además, realizando un seguimiento a la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida desde 1997 hasta 2019, se observa que ha aumentado las visitas al médico por prevención, hay una mejor percepción de la calidad del sistema y una mejor percepción del estado de salud. Sin embargo, también se identifican algunos problemas como desigualdades en oferta y acceso al sistema, insuficiencia de recursos en el sistema y debilidades en la estructura institucional del sector, los cuales pueden explicarse por falta de avance en los modelos de atención, falta de infraestructura física y de talento humano en salud y baja capacidad operativa de las entidades del sector. En este sentido, se plantean una serie de propuestas que tienen en cuenta el tamano de los municipios de acuerdo con el número de habitantes que van desde la implementación adecuada de los modelos de atención integral y atención primaria en salud hasta cambios normativos que garanticen la sostenibilidad financiera del sistema.******Abstract: This document presents a description of the achievements of the Colombian healthcare system and some problems and proposals, in a context in which the government presented the health reform that would modify various aspects. In the first place, it is possible to affirm that the healthcare system has contributed to having almost universal insurance coverage, lower spending by affiliates and, even, financial protection for households. In addition, analyzing the Quality of Life Survey from 1997 to 2019, it is observed that visits to the doctor for prevention have increased, there is a better perception of the system quality and a better perception of the health condition. However, some problems are also identified, such as inequalities in supply and access, insufficient resources in the system, and weaknesses in the institutional structure of the sector, which can be explained by lack of progress in care models, lack of physical infrastructure and human talent in health and low operational capacity in the sector. Also, some recommendations are proposed considering the size of the municipalities according to the number of inhabitants, ranging from the proper implementation of the integrated care and primary health care models to regulatory changes that guarantee the financial system sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Jairo Núnez Méndez (Dir. proy.) & Juan F. Castillo (Colab.) & Nicolás Lasso (Colab.), 2023. "Logros en equidad del sistema de salud y la reforma en Colombia," Informes de Investigación 20785, Fedesarrollo.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000124:020785
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/4434
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sistema de Salud; Acceso a la Salud; Desigualdad; Sostenibilidad Fnanciera; Modelos de Atención en Salud; Healthcare System; Health Access; Inequality; Financial Sustainability; Health Care Models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I13 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Insurance, Public and Private
    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality

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