IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/col/000089/021426.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Surgimiento y consolidación del orden socioeconómico colonial de la Nueva Granada (s. XVI-XVIII) y sus trayectorias regionales

Author

Listed:
  • Fabio Sánchez

    (Universidad de los Andes)

  • Lucía Buitrago

    (Universidad de los Andes)

  • Diego Duarte

    (Universidad de los Andes)

  • Alejandra Páez

    (Universidad de los Andes)

Abstract

Resumen Este artículo analiza el establecimiento del orden colonial en la Nueva Granada (siglo XVI – XVIII) comparando cuatro trayectorias territoriales caracterizadas según la complejidad socioeconómica de las sociedades prehispánicas y la dotación factores, las cuales moldearían las interacciones entre los colonizadores y los nativos. Las trayectorias territoriales corresponden a: (i) el altiplano cundiboyacense donde las instituciones prehispánicas fueron cooptadas para establecer regímenes de coerción laboral como la encomienda y la mita. En estos territorios, tras el colapso demográfico de la población indígena, se consolidó el sistema de grandes haciendas con una elevada concentración de la tierra; (ii) las zonas mineras del Pacífico, en donde la escasez de población indígena y la presencia de minas de oro, favoreció el establecimiento de un sistema de extracción aurífera con mano de obra esclava; (iii) Antioquia y los Santanderes con escasa presencia de metales preciosos y con alto potencial para el desarrollo agrícola, lo que favoreció la expansión de la frontera agrícola y la formación de haciendas que combinaba mano de obra indígena bajo encomienda y mestizos y (iv) la Costa Caribe donde la presencia española se limitó a establecer enclaves militares, predominando las interacciones bélicas con la población nativa, con una baja presencia institucional del poder colonial. La investigación muestra la heterogeneidad regional del proceso colonial que produjo diferentes legados de desigualdad, tenencia de la tierra y estructuras del poder local. Abstract This article analyzes the establishment ofthe colonial order in New Granada (16th—18th centuries) by comparing four territorial trajectories, characterized according to the socioeconomic complexity of pre-Hispanic societies and factor endowments, which shaped interactions between colonizers and native populations. The territorial trajectories correspond to: (i) the undiboyacense highlands, where pre-Hispanic institutions were co-opted to establish labor coercion regimes such as encomienda and mita. In these territories, following the demographic collapse of the ndigenous population, a system of large haciendas with high land concentration was consolidated; (ii) the Pacific mining regions, where the scarcity of indigenous population and the presence of gold mines fostered the establishment of a gold extraction system based on enslaved labor, (iii) Antioquia and the Santanderes, where there was little presence of precious metals but high agricultural potential, which favored the expansion of the agricultural frontier and the formation of haciendas that combined indigenous labor under encomienda with mestizo workers; and (iv) the Caribbean Coast, where Spanish presence was limited to military enclaves, with predominantly warlike interactions with the native population and weak institutional presence of colonial power. The research highlights the regional heterogeneity of the colonial process, which produced different legacies in terms of inequality, land tenure, and local power structures.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabio Sánchez & Lucía Buitrago & Diego Duarte & Alejandra Páez, 2025. "Surgimiento y consolidación del orden socioeconómico colonial de la Nueva Granada (s. XVI-XVIII) y sus trayectorias regionales," Documentos CEDE 2025-23, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:021426
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstreams/handle/1992/76741/dcede2025-23.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://repositorio.uniandes.edu.co/bitstreams/handle/1992/76741/dcede2025-23.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • N56 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • N96 - Economic History - - Regional and Urban History - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:col:000089:021426. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Universidad De Los Andes-Cede (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ceandco.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.