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Ingresos Vitalicios en la Vejez: Esquemas de Desacumulación en el Sistema Pensional Colombiano
[Lifetime Income in Old Age: Payout Schemes in the Colombian Pension System]

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  • Dino Francisco Córdoba Lache

    (Universidad de los Andes)

Abstract

Los sistemas de pensiones de capitalización individual enfrentan desafíos globales en la oferta y demanda de productos de retiro de carácter vitalicio. En respuesta, se han propuesto distintos esquemas de desacumulación encaminados a fomentar su participación dentro de las distintas modalidades de retiro. Por medio de un conjunto de simulaciones de Montecarlo, el presente trabajo evalúa cuantitativamente los esquemas de Tontinas Modernas y Separación Vertical en el mercado de productos de retiro de Colombia usando datos anonimizados del Régimen de Ahorro Individual con Solidaridad. Los resultados de las simulaciones muestran que las Tontinas Modernas elevan en promedio las anualidades recibidas por los afiliados en un 9,8% y 9,2 %, y reducen su costo fiscal asociado en 4,1% y 4,7% para hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. Mientras que la Separación Vertical - esquema mixto entre las Tontinas Modernas y los seguros de longevidad- logra mitigar la alta volatilidad que presentan los créditos derivados de las dinámicas de mortalidad de la cohorte. Estos resultados son un valioso insumo para intervenciones políticas en el sistema pensional colombiano, considerando aspectos financieros, fiscales y de bienestar social. Individual capitalization pension systems face global challenges in the supply and demand of lifetime retirement products. In response, various payout schemes have been proposed to promote their adoption across different retirement modalities. Using a set of Monte Carlo simulations, this paper quantitatively evaluates the Modern Tontine and Vertical Separation schemes in the Colombian retirement products market, based on anonymized data from the Individual Savings with Solidarity Regime. The simulation results show that Modern Tontines increase the average annuity received by affiliates by 9.8% and 9.2 %, and reduce the associated fiscal cost by 4.1% and 4.7% for men and women, respectively. Meanwhile, the Vertical Separation scheme—a hybrid model combining Modern Tontines and longevity insurance—effectively mitigates the high volatility in benefits derived from cohort mortality dynamics. These findings provide valuable input for policymaking in the Colombian pension system, considering financial, fiscal, and social welfare aspects.

Suggested Citation

  • Dino Francisco Córdoba Lache, 2025. "Ingresos Vitalicios en la Vejez: Esquemas de Desacumulación en el Sistema Pensional Colombiano [Lifetime Income in Old Age: Payout Schemes in the Colombian Pension System]," Documentos CEDE 2025-21, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:021422
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    References listed on IDEAS

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