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(English) The “factory” of citizenship: between anthropology, biopolitics and practices of populations disciplining (Italiano) La “fabbrica” delle cittadinanze: tra antropologia, biopolitica e pratiche del disciplinamento delle popolazioni

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  • AndreaSalvatore Antonio Barbieri

Abstract

(English) The paper is divided into two specific topic around the item of citizenship. The first part of the paper aims to contribute to the critical reflections about the uses and ways of building citizenship, especially in literature. And try to take stock of the contributions of anthropology to this field of political analysis in order to provide food for thought on this subject. The problematic object consisting of citizenship leads us to revisit the relationship between culture and politics, and to discover that the concept needs to put a critical look at the state and, by extension, the nation. The second part refers to Michel Foucault. In his works on power relations in modern society, Foucault develops two main models. On the one hand, “disciplinary” power which seeks to exhaustively control individual behavior. On the other hand, “biopolitical” power, which corresponds to the modern and liberal reason of state, and to the regulation of populations. However, a more detailed analysis of biopolitics and its origins illustrates the disciplinary roots of the liberal paradigm of government action, and considers from a different perspective its appeals to freedom. Henceforth, modern politics is not characterized by the balance between coercion and laissez-faire, but by a multitude of techniques that will all modulate in a different way the same objective of coercion of docile bodies. (Italiano) Il working paper si divide in due specifici discorsi che ruotano intorno al tema della cittadinanza. La prima parte del paper intende contribuire alle riflessioni critiche intorno agli usi e ai modi di costruzione della cittadinanza, segnatamente nella letteratura francofona. E tenta di fare il punto sugli apporti dell’antropologia a questo campo di analisi del politico al fine di alimentare la riflessione su questo soggetto. L’oggetto problematico costituito dalla cittadinanza ci porta a rivisitare i rapporti tra cultura e politica e a scoprire che il concetto stesso necessita di porre uno sguardo critico sullo Stato e, per estensione, sulla Nazione. Nella seconda parte si approfondiscono i lavori di Michel Foucault sulle moderne relazioni di potere che mettono in evidenza due modelli principali. Da un lato una tecnologia di potere “disciplinare”, che consiste in una presa in carico esaustiva e completa dell’individuo, da un altro lato una tecnologia di potere “biopolitica”, che corrisponde alla ragion di Stato moderno e liberale e alla gestione flessibile dei fenomeni di massa associati alla popolazione. Tuttavia, una analisi più dettagliata della biopolitica e delle sue origini evidenzia le radici disciplinari del paradigma governamentale liberale, e permette di situare in un contesto differente le ingiunzioni alla libertà che sembrano caratterizzarla. Pertanto la politica moderna non sarebbe più composta da un equilibrio tra delle tecniche di coercizione e una ideologia del laissez-faire ma come un insieme di tecniche che vanno a modulare in modo diverso una stessa esigenza di coercizione dei corpi docili.

Suggested Citation

  • AndreaSalvatore Antonio Barbieri, 2015. "(English) The “factory” of citizenship: between anthropology, biopolitics and practices of populations disciplining (Italiano) La “fabbrica” delle cittadinanze: tra antropologia, biopolitica e pratich," IRPPS Working Papers 77:2015, National Research Council, Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies.
  • Handle: RePEc:cnz:wpaper:77:2015
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