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Sustainable Investment Decisions: Heterogeneous Beliefs and Preferences

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  • Philippe d’Astous
  • Iwan Meier
  • Pierre-Carl Michaud

Abstract

We analyze whether households’ investment decisions in ESG assets can be explained by their preferences for sustainability or by their beliefs about future returns. To address this question, we develop a structural discrete-choice model with heterogeneous beliefs and preferences. Using a large-scale survey with randomized mutual fund allocation scenarios and elicited return expectations, we recover individual-level willingness to pay for sustainability (and financial risk). Our specification does not restrict investors’ willingness to pay for sustainability to be positive, allowing the data to determine both the magnitude and direction of sustainability preferences at the individual level. The results show that beliefs about expected returns are the driving factor for investing in sustainable assets and non-pecuniary preferences for sustainability play only a secondary role. Moreover, respondents’ return beliefs exceed the beliefs implied by the model’s equilibrium predictions. Nous analysons si les décisions d’investissement des ménages dans des actifs ESG peuvent s’expliquer par leurs préférences pour la durabilité ou par leurs croyances quant aux rendements futurs. Pour répondre à cette question, nous développons un modèle structurel de choix discret intégrant des croyances et des préférences hétérogènes. À l’aide d’une enquête à grande échelle comprenant des scénarios aléatoires de répartition dans des fonds communs de placement et des anticipations de rendement déclarées, nous estimons la disposition à payer individuelle pour la durabilité, ainsi que pour le risque financier. Notre spécification n’impose pas que la disposition des investisseuses et investisseurs à payer pour la durabilité soit positive, ce qui permet aux données de déterminer à la fois l’ampleur et le sens des préférences en matière de durabilité au niveau individuel. Les résultats montrent que les croyances concernant les rendements attendus constituent le principal facteur expliquant l’investissement dans des actifs durables, tandis que les préférences non pécuniaires pour la durabilité ne jouent qu’un rôle secondaire. De plus, les croyances des répondantes et répondants au sujet des rendements dépassent celles qui sont implicites dans les prédictions d’équilibre du modèle.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe d’Astous & Iwan Meier & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2026. "Sustainable Investment Decisions: Heterogeneous Beliefs and Preferences," CIRANO Working Papers 2026s-11, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2026s-11
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    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G41 - Financial Economics - - Behavioral Finance - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making in Financial Markets

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