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La contribution des mathématiques à l’activité économique en 2020

Author

Listed:
  • François Vaillancourt
  • Brahim Boudarbat

Abstract

This report quantifies the impact of advanced mathematical knowledge on Quebec’s economic activity. Similar analyses have previously been conducted for other economies (Australia, Brazil, Spain, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom). Advanced mathematical skills encompass knowledge applicable to engineering (physical or financial), forecasting (climatic or economic), and impact assessment (public policy or medical treatment). In this study, we employ four calculation methods to estimate the contribution of this knowledge to economic activity. This contribution is measured by the share of GDP derived from labor compensation associated with mathematical inputs. Using four methods allows us to derive an average estimate based on multiple approaches. We also calculate the internal rate of return on investments in human capital that generate mathematical inputs. The study’s main conclusion is that mathematical inputs make a significant contribution to Quebec’s GDP. The direct impact on GDP ranges from 5% to 10%, a finding consistent with previous studies conducted in other countries. A second conclusion is that this contribution is achieved at a reasonable cost and yields a high real rate of return. This rate—estimated conservatively—falls within the 10% to 15% range. Ce rapport quantifie l’effet des connaissances mathématiques avancées sur l’activité économique du Québec. Cet exercice a déjà été fait pour d’autres économies (Australie, Brésil, Espagne, France, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni). Les compétences mathématiques avancées sont des connaissances pouvant être utilisées à des fins d’ingénierie (physique ou financière), de prévisions (climatiques ou économiques) ou d’évaluation d’impact (politiques publiques ou traitement médical). Dans notre étude, nous utilisons quatre méthodes de calcul pour estimer la contribution de ces connaissances à l’activité économique. Cette contribution est mesurée par la part du PIB provenant de la rémunération du travail provenant des intrants mathématiques. L’utilisation de quatre méthodes nous permet de calculer une estimation moyenne qui repose sur plus d’une méthode. Nous calculons également le taux de rendement interne d’un investissement dans du capital humain générant des intrants mathématiques. La principale conclusion de cette étude est que les intrants mathématiques contribuent de façon importante au PIB du Québec. L’impact direct sur le PIB se situe entre 5 et 10 %, ce qui concorde avec les résultats d’un ensemble d’études antérieures portant sur d’autres pays. La seconde conclusion est que cette contribution est obtenue à un coût raisonnable et présente un taux de rendement réel élevé. Ce taux, estimé de façon conservatrice, est de l’ordre de 10 à 15 %.

Suggested Citation

  • François Vaillancourt & Brahim Boudarbat, 2026. "La contribution des mathématiques à l’activité économique en 2020," CIRANO Project Reports 2026rp-18, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2026rp-18
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2026RP-18.pdf
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