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Transiciones democráticas en contraste: El caso de España, Argentina y Chile

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  • José Manuel Rodríguez Torrez

Abstract

Las transiciones a la democracia generalmente constituyen procesos de alta complejidad en materia de ingeniería política orientada a la gobernabilidad. España en 1976, Argentina en 1983 y Chile en 1988 emprendieron dicho proceso con diferentes puntos de partida. Sin embargo, determinados fenómenos políticos son comparables si se establecen las condiciones equiparables (Sartori, 1994), y a pesar de tener distintos orígenes, cada una de estas transiciones enfrentó desafíos comunes. En este sentido, se procede a explorar, mediante las premisas de la política comparada, las decisiones tomadas en los procesos mencionados y conocer el porqué de los diferentes cursos de acción. Para ello, se hace foco en la reforma al orden constitucional, la regeneración de la vida partidaria, la gestión de una justicia transicional, y la convivencia entre actores autoritarios salientes y agentes democráticos entrantes. De este modo, se busca generar un aporte al debate generado sobre los procesos de transición democrática. / Transitions to democracy are generally highly complex processes in terms of political engineering aimed at governance. Spain in 1976, Argentina in 1983 and Chile in 1988 undertook this process with different starting points. However, certain political phenomena are comparable if comparable conditions are established (Sartori, 1994), and despite having different origins, each of these transitions faced common challenges. In this sense, we proceed to explore, through the premises of comparative politics, the decisions taken in the processes and to understand the reasons for the different courses of action. To this end, the focus is on the reform of the constitutional order, the regeneration of party life, the management of transitional justice, and the coexistence between outgoing authoritarian actors and incoming democratic agents. In this way, it seeks to generate a contribution to the debate generated on the processes of democratic transition.

Suggested Citation

  • José Manuel Rodríguez Torrez, 2023. "Transiciones democráticas en contraste: El caso de España, Argentina y Chile," CEMA Working Papers: Serie Documentos de Trabajo. 857, Universidad del CEMA.
  • Handle: RePEc:cem:doctra:857
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    Keywords

    Transición; Liderazgo; Política Comparada; Gobernabilidad; Democracia. / Transition; Leadership; Comparative Politics; Governance; Democracy.;
    All these keywords.

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