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Lottery-Specific Effects and Heterogeneity: A Unified Framework

Author

Listed:
  • Jose Apesteguia
  • Miguel Ángel Ballester
  • Ángelo Gutiérrez-Daza

Abstract

We develop a framework for studying lottery-specific deviations from expected utility without imposing a particular behavioral model. Certainty-equivalent valuations arise from a distribution over expected-utility preferences. We characterize two lottery-dependent extensions axiomatically: one allows lottery characteristics to shift the distribution's location, capturing mean risk attitudes, and the other its scale, capturing behavioral noise. Using 197,465 observations from 15 studies, covering 1,299 lotteries, 90 treatments, and 7,362 individuals, we find that complexity-related characteristics primarily affect noise, whereas probability mass tilted toward favorable payoffs and the presence of losses primarily affect mean risk attitudes. The framework organizes empirical regularities usually treated separately.

Suggested Citation

  • Jose Apesteguia & Miguel Ángel Ballester & Ángelo Gutiérrez-Daza, 2026. "Lottery-Specific Effects and Heterogeneity: A Unified Framework," Working Papers 1607, Barcelona School of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:bge:wpaper:1607
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    JEL classification:

    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making

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