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Understanding the expansion of central banks’ balance sheets
[Comprendre la croissance du bilan des banques centrales]

Author

Listed:
  • Emmanuel Cerclé
  • Hervé Le Bihan
  • Michaël Monot

Abstract

Central banks' balance sheets have grown significantly, as a result of the "non-standard" monetary policies conducted in response to the 2008 crisis and the Covid-19 crisis. Reflecting the net asset purchase programmes in place, they are still expanding. However, over the longer term, their size could stabilise and then gradually decline once inflation has consistently returned to close to its target. Adjusting the size of their balance sheets should nevertheless remain in central banks' toolbox. Les bilans des banques centrales ont fortement augmenté, sous l’effet des politiques monétaires "non conventionnelles" mises en place face à la crise de 2008, puis à celle de la Covid-19. En raison des programmes d’achats nets d’actifs en place, ils sont encore en expansion. Toutefois, à plus long terme, leur taille pourrait se stabiliser, puis se replier graduellement, lorsque l’inflation sera durablement revenue au voisinage de l’objectif. L’ajustement de la taille de leur bilan devrait néanmoins demeurer dans la boîte à outils des banques centrales.

Suggested Citation

Handle: RePEc:bfr:econot:209
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File URL: https://www.banque-france.fr/en/publications-and-statistics/publications/understanding-expansion-central-banks-balance-sheets
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File URL: https://www.banque-france.fr/fr/publications-et-statistiques/publications/comprendre-la-croissance-du-bilan-des-banques-centrales
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