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The natural rate of interest: estimates for the euro area
[Taux d’intérêt naturel : estimations pour la zone euro]

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  • Adrian Penalver

Abstract

The natural rate of interest is the theoretical real rate at which inflation neither rises nor falls. Determined independently of monetary policy, it is a benchmark to assess whether policy is accommodative or restrictive. It is unobservable but estimated to be negative in the euro area over recent years. With modest inflation expectations and the effective lower bound on nominal interest rates, conventional monetary policy struggled to raise inflation, explaining the ECB’s recourse to non-conventional instruments. Le taux naturel d’intérêt est le taux d’intérêt réel théorique qui implique ni hausse, ni baisse de l’inflation. Déterminé indépendamment de la politique monétaire, c’est un indicateur qui sert à évaluer le caractère accommodant ou restrictif d’une politique. Il n’est pas directement observable mais on estime qu’il est négatif dans la zone euro ces dernières années. Les difficultés à augmenter l’inflation par les politiques monétaires conventionnelles, avec des anticipations d’inflation faible et des taux d’intérêts nominaux à leur valeur plancher, justifient le recours de la BCE à des instruments non-conventionnels.

Suggested Citation

  • Adrian Penalver, 2017. "The natural rate of interest: estimates for the euro area [Taux d’intérêt naturel : estimations pour la zone euro]," Eco Notepad (in progress) 11, Banque de France.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:econot:11
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