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Short vs Medium-Run: Exchange Rate Movements, Investment and the Currency Composition of Balance Sheets

Author

Listed:
  • Juan Camilo Medellín-Martínez
  • Sergio Restrepo-Ángel

Abstract

We empirically disentangle the short vs medium-run effects of exchange rate movements, on the investment of non-financial firms in Colombia from 2005 to 2019. We find that a structural depreciation of the peso weights on investment through a balance-sheet effect for firms with Foreign Currency (FC) debt. Exports provide a natural hedge against exchange rate fluctuations but only in the short-run. FC forwards protect firms against surprise currency depreciations; nevertheless, they present a cost of opportunity in terms of real investment. We also find that in periods of a depreciated exchange rate, big firms financially hedge while export-oriented and foreign firms use natural hedging and their relationship with headquarters to protect themselves against exchange rate movements. We rationalize our findings with the international macro and micro-finance literature. ***ABSTRACT: Desentrañamos empíricamente los efectos de corto y mediano plazo de los movimientos del tipo de cambio sobre la inversión de las empresas no financieras en Colombia entre 2005 y 2019. Encontramos que una depreciación estructural del peso afecta negativamente la inversión a través de un efecto en el balance para las empresas con deuda en moneda extranjera (ME). Las exportaciones ofrecen una cobertura natural contra las fluctuaciones del tipo de cambio, pero solo en el corto plazo. Los contratos forward en ME protegen a las empresas frente a depreciaciones sorpresivas de la moneda; sin embargo, implican un costo de oportunidad en términos de inversión real. También encontramos que, en períodos de depreciación del peso frente al dólar americano, las grandes empresas realizan coberturas financieras. Asimismo, las empresas orientadas a las exportaciones y las que tienen un componente extranjero accionario importante, utilizan coberturas naturales y con las casas matrices para protegerse de los movimientos cambiarios. Racionalizamos nuestros hallazgos con la literatura de macroeconomía internacional y microfinanzas.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Camilo Medellín-Martínez & Sergio Restrepo-Ángel, 2026. "Short vs Medium-Run: Exchange Rate Movements, Investment and the Currency Composition of Balance Sheets," Borradores de Economia 1354, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1354
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    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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