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State of India's Digital Economy: A Subnational Perspective, 2025

Author

Listed:
  • Deepak Mishra

  • Aarti Reddy

    (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER))

  • Shailly Gupta

  • Jiya Bharti

Abstract

Using the Connect-Harness-Innovate-Protect-Sustain (CHIPS) framework this study identifies four distinct tiers of digital progress: Advanced Digitalisers, Assured Digitalisers, Ascending Digitalisers, and Aspirational Digitalisers. Advanced Digitalisers (Delhi, Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Haryana) show the most balanced progress, while Assured Digitalisers (Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat) follow a similar pattern but with less consistency across pillars. Ascending digitalisers (Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and West Bengal) are gaining momentum through increased adoption of online services and a few emerging innovation hubs. Aspirational digitalisers (Odisha, Bihar, Assam, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand) lag behind across most pillars, reflecting deep foundational constraints. Enabling the weak digitalisers to converge with the rest of the country is essential for India to realise its ambition of becoming a global digital powerhouse.

Suggested Citation

  • Deepak Mishra & Aarti Reddy & Shailly Gupta & Jiya Bharti, 2025. "State of India's Digital Economy: A Subnational Perspective, 2025," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Report 25-r-20, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi, India.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdc:report:25-r-20
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