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Relevance of Functional Flexibility for Heterogeneous Sales Response Models - A Comparision of Parametric and Seminoparametric Models

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  • Hruschka, Harald

Abstract

So far studies estimating sales response functions on the basis of store-specific data either consider heterogeneity or functional flexibility. That is why in this contribution a model is developed possessing both these features. It is a multilayer perceptron with store-specific coefficients which is specified in a hierarchical Bayesian framework. An appropriate Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation technique is introduced capable to satisfy theoretical constraints (e.g. sign constraints on elasticities). The empirical study refers to a data base consisting of weekly observations of sales and prices for nine leading brands of a packaged consumer good category. The data were acquired in 81 stores over a time span of at least 61 weeks. The multilayer perceptron is compared to a strict parametric multiplicative model and approaches the maximum value of posterior model probability. This indicates the benefits of using a flexible model even if heterogeneity is dealt with. Estimated sales curves and elasticities demonstrate that both models differ in their implications about price response. Bisher haben Untersuchungen zur Schätzung von Absatzreaktionsfunktionen auf Grundlage outletspezifischer Daten entweder Heterogenität oder funktionale Flexibilität berücksichtigt. Daher entwickelt der vorliegende Beitrag ein Modell, das beide Eigenschaften besitzt. Es handelt sich um ein Mehrschichtperzeptron mit outletspezifischen Koeffizienten, das mittels eines hierarchischen Bayesschen Ansatzes spezifiziert wird. Zur Schätzung dieses Modells wird eine geeignete Markov-Ketten-Monte-Carlo Technik eingeführt, die theoretisch begründete Restriktionen einhält (z.B. Vorzeichenrestriktionen von Elastizitäten). Die empirische Untersuchung bezieht sich auf einen Datensatz, der aus wöchentlichen Beobachtungen von Absatzmengen und Preisen für neun Marken einer Konsumgüterkategorie besteht. Diese Daten wurden in 81 Outlets über eine Zeitspanne von mindestens 61 Wochen erhoben. Das Mehrschichtperzeptron wird mit einem strikt parametrischen multiplikativen Modell verglichen und erreicht den Maximalwert der a-posteriori Modellwahrscheinlichkeit. Dieses Ergebnis zeigt die Vorteilhaftigkeit der Verwendung eines flexiblen Modells auch bei Berücksichtigung von Heterogenität auf. Geschätzte Absatzkurven und Elastizitäten verdeutlichen, dass beide Modelle jeweils unterschiedliche Preiseffekte implizieren.

Suggested Citation

  • Hruschka, Harald, 2004. "Relevance of Functional Flexibility for Heterogeneous Sales Response Models - A Comparision of Parametric and Seminoparametric Models," University of Regensburg Working Papers in Business, Economics and Management Information Systems 394, University of Regensburg, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:bay:rdwiwi:463
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