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A LATE-Targeting Experimental Design for Multi-Arm RCTs

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  • Tetsuya Kaji

Abstract

We study the design of multi-arm experiments that identify local average treatment effects under imperfect compliance. With three or more arms, conventional randomization fails to identify margin-specific effects even under strong extensions of monotone compliance. A choice-theoretic analysis unifies these extensions and motivates a two-stage design: subjects report a preferred arm and are randomized conditional on it. If treatment is confined to the assigned or reported arm, one-sided noncompliance is restored conditional on the report, identifying the effect between the two arms for their compliers. Any tilt of assignment toward the reported arm makes reporting the favorite strictly optimal, and no assignment lottery can strictly elicit the ranking below the favorite. We then discuss the design's applicability and feasibility in relation to the choice model.

Suggested Citation

  • Tetsuya Kaji, 2026. "A LATE-Targeting Experimental Design for Multi-Arm RCTs," Papers 2610.25667, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2026.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2610.25667
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