Author
Abstract
This document presents the advantages and disadvantages of ceasing minting low-denomination coins, restricting attention to the case of the Costa Rican ₡5 coin. The impact on the price index of ceasing minting the ₡5 coin is estimated through the database compiled by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) for the construction of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and also based on information obtained in the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH 2018-2019). Further, is analyzed the impact of ceasing minting the ₡5 coin on the price of public transport services, such as bus fares. It is concluded that by ceasing to mint a small denomination coin, negative seigniorage is eliminated and the transaction costs of using these coins are reduced. The effects on price levels are small, although they could be heterogeneous by income quintiles. In the particular case of the ₡5 coin, it is found that the coin has lost more than 97% of its initial purchasing power, that the BCCR incurs a negative seigniorage when it mints it, and that there are a series of costs that fall on others economic agents when using the currency in their transactions. On the other hand, ceasing minting the ₡5 coin would have an impact of at most 0.1% on the price level, and would affect 50.18% of bus fares with an average maximum increase of 1,35%. The effect on the price level varies according to the household income level, although not significantly, being greater for households that use relatively more cash in their transactions. ***Resumen: Este documento recopila las ventajas y desventajas de no acuñar monedas de baja denominación, y enmarca dicha discusión en el caso particular de la moneda de ₡5 de Costa Rica. Se estima el impacto sobre el índice de precios de no acuñar la moneda de ₡5 mediante la base de datos que recopila el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC) para la construcción del Índice de Precios al Consumidor (IPC), y también a partir de información obtenida en la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH 2018-2019). Además, se analiza el impacto de no acuñar la moneda de ₡5 en el precio de servicios de transporte público, como el de tarifas de autobuses. Se concluye que al dejar de acuñar una moneda de baja denominación se eliminan señoreajes negativos y se reducen los costos de transacción de utilizar dichas monedas. Los efectos sobre los niveles de precios son pequeños, aunque podría ser diferenciados por quintiles de ingreso. En el caso particular de la moneda de ₡5, se encuentra que ha perdido más del 97% de su poder adquisitivo inicial, que el Banco Central de Costa Rica (BCCR) incurre en un señoreaje negativo al acuñarla, y que existen una serie de costos que recaen sobre otros agentes económicos al utilizarla en sus transacciones. Por otra parte, dejar de acuñar la moneda de ₡5 tendría un impacto a lo sumo de 0,1% sobre el nivel de precios, y afectaría a un 50,18% de las tarifas de autobuses con un incremento máximo promedio de 1,35%. El efecto sobre el nivel de precios varía según el nivel de ingreso de los hogares, aunque de forma poco significativa, siendo mayor para los hogares que utilizan relativamente más efectivo en sus transacciones.
Suggested Citation
Esteban Méndez-Chacón, 2021.
"Implications on inflation of ceasing minting the 5 colones coin,"
Notas Técnicas
2102, Banco Central de Costa Rica.
Handle:
RePEc:apk:nottec:2102
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JEL classification:
- E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
- E41 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Demand for Money
- E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
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