الميزة المكانية والكفاءة الاقتصادية لأنشطة الانتاج الحيوانى فى المزرعة المصرية الصغيرة

Despite the vital importance of animal protein in the diet of the Egyptian family, the average per capita in Egypt is much less than recommended level by international bodies. This is due to the inability of local production to meet consumer needs and low purchasing power of the majority of Egyptian families and steady growing prices for animal products. The previous studies have shown that before economic liberalization that the small limns (traditional) which represent the larger part (95%) Of the total livestock in Egypt are capable to increase production volume and the marketable surplus of animal products of their farms if marketing incentives are fairly available. In light of these findings and after the full application of free¬ market economic system in Egypt, this study was designed to measure the full impact of spatial features on the economic performance of small farms as the main producers of animal protein in Egypt. The study used a sample survey data from Sharkia Governorate for the agricultural year 2010/2011; study used the income and cost statements analysis. The results showed that the farm dairy products represent the main item on the cash income structure of livestock production On tarns near the market, about 54 percent, followed by fattening calves sales by about 34% of the total value of the cash income that amounted to approximately 6864 Egyptian Pounds per acre, while fattening calves sales ranked the first with about 47% of the cash income of farms away from the market, followed by dairy sales which represent 43% of the total cash income of around E 5467 per acres in farms away firm the market, reflecting the viability high perishability of dairy products and high transport costs per unit of time for unit weight of animal products as well as higher prices of Dairy whenever production points are more reachable by the consumer market, which all are reflected in higher net income and gross margin and fanner receipts as Director of the farm and the rate of return on capital owned by the fann adjacent to the market than the very remote village from the urban market. the later shows a stronger attitude of a family subsistence system , which rely more on farm produced inputs and household consumption of farm products and selling the little surplus into the village market to achieve a minimum household food security and to avoid inflation and to provide employment to the abounded family labor. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended to establish and promote an efficient marketing system for animal products, especially dairy products. It composes of an institutional structure of cooperative societies for the marketing of products of animal origin at the village level. Also it is recommended to recognize fairness in the application of integrated rural development, regardless of the location of the village to provide adequate infrastructure of roads and transportation and communication routes in all villages of Egypt.