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Teoria Social E O Lugar Da Agricultura Familiar Na Sociedade Contemporânea: Estudo Analítico-Comparativo Das Contribuições Brasileiras Ao Debate

Author

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  • DEPONTI, CIDONEA MACHADO

Abstract

O tema agricultura familiar tem sido foco de inúmeras discussões teóricas, havendo diversos entendimentos a respeito de seu futuro na sociedade contemporânea, existindo desde aqueles que profetizam o seu desaparecimento até os que acreditam que esta categoria social é capaz de se manter e se reproduzir ao longo das gerações. Este artigo se propõe a uma reflexão sobre o lugar da agricultura familiar na sociedade contemporânea, realizando um estudo analítico-comparativo entre as perspectivas que se convencionou chamar de camponesa composta pelos trabalhos de Maria Nazaré Baudel Wanderley, de marxista clássica composta pelo trabalho de José Graziano da Silva e de neomarxista composta pelos trabalhos de Ricardo Abramovay, Bruno Jean, Delma Pessanha Neves e Sérgio Schneider. O texto visa a permitir a análise dessas perspectivas e a explicitar e refletir sobre seus fundamentos teóricos, almejando contribuir para o debate em torno da agricultura familiar, reafirmando a necessidade de compreensão da diversidade e da especificidade desta categoria social. Concluiu-se que a agricultura familiar entendida como uma categoria social não torna possível a construção de uma Teoria Social, mas sim de uma perspectiva teórica que permita a compreensão da realidade. Para a perspectiva neomarxista o lugar da agricultura familiar na sociedade contemporânea precisa ser reconhecido pela sociedade e pelo Estado, necessitando de políticas públicas que assegurem sua reprodução. Para os marxistas clássicos seu lugar será conquistado num mundo rural diferenciado que considere não só as atividades produtivas convencionais, mas a produção de serviços e bens não-agrícolas. E, para a perspectiva camponesa o lugar da agricultura familiar sempre foi subalterno e secundário, sendo impossibilitado de desenvolver suas potencialidades, mas marcado por lutas para a manutenção de seu patrimônio sociocultural ---- The familiar agricultural theme has been the focus of several theorical discussions, getting several agreement concerning the contemporary society future, existing since those who prophesize its desappearing to those who believe this social category is able to maintain and reproduce through generations. This article proposes a refletion about familiar agricultural in the contemporary society, taking an analytical/comparative study betwen the perspective we call “camponesa” by Maria Nazaré Baudel Wanderley works, by the classical marxist by José Graziano da Silva work and the classical neomarxist through Ricardo Abramovay, Bruno Jean, Delma Pessanha Neves e Sérgio Schneider works. The text permits the anlaysis of these perspectives and explicitate and reflect about theorical basis, aiming at contributing to the debate around the familiar agricultural, reinforcing the necessity of understanding the diversity and the specificity of this social category. The conclusion is that the familiar agricultural that is seen as a social category does not make the construction of a social theory, but a theorical perspective that allows the reality understanding. To the neomarxist perspective the place for the familiar agricultural in the contemporary society needs to be recognized throug the society and the State. It needs public politics that assure its reproduction. To the classical marxist it will take place in a different rural world that consider not just the conventional productives but also the services production and the non-agriculture issues. And to the “camponesa” perspective the place for familiar agricultural was always underground and secundary. It does not allow it to develop its potencialities and its marked for struggle to maintain its sociocultural patrimony.

Suggested Citation

  • Deponti, Cidonea Machado, 2007. "Teoria Social E O Lugar Da Agricultura Familiar Na Sociedade Contemporânea: Estudo Analítico-Comparativo Das Contribuições Brasileiras Ao Debate," 45th Congress, July 22-25, 2007, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil 149603, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sobr07:149603
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.149603
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