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Análise Da Competitividade Do Açúcar Brasileiro No Mercado Internacional, 1990 A 2004

Author

Listed:
  • Martins, Alexandra Pereira
  • Maciel, Marilia Fernandes
  • Rosado, Patricia Lopes
  • Lirio, Viviani Silva

Abstract

Mudanças ocorridas na economia mundial, como liberalização de mercados e formação de blocos, têm exigido que países em desenvolvimento, como no caso do Brasil, acompanhem tais transformações principalmente no que se refere à busca por produtos diferenciados e de maior qualidade. Diante disso, o setor açúcar iniciou um processo de reestruturação produtiva, visando estimular a modernização e, com isso, ampliar sua competitividade no comércio internacional. Considerando a importância desse setor para a economia brasileira, no que se refere à participação no PIB e na geração de divisas, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a competitividade das exportações brasileiras de açúcar, no período de 1990 a 2004. O modelo teórico utilizado esta fundamentado na Teoria da competitividade e do Comércio Internacional. O procedimento de análise baseou-se nos indicadores de desempenho, eficiência e capacitação. Os dados usados foram obtidos em diversas instituições, tais como a Secretaria de Comércio Exterior (SECEX), da Fundação Getúlio Vargas, a Organização das Nações Unidas para a Agricultura (FAO), a FNP Consultoria e o Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia (MCT). Os indicadores de competitividade apresentados indicaram que o açúcar brasileiro é altamente competitivo no comércio internacional, visto que as exportações foram crescentes e as importações decrescentes, chegando, em alguns períodos, a zero. Constatou-se, também, a representatividade do açúcar no PIB agrícola e na geração de divisas para o país. Os indicadores de eficiência e capacitação mostraram que o Brasil vem aumentando a sua competitividade por meio de maiores rendimentos com o produto e maiores gastos em ciência e tecnologia, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o setor de açúcar tem ampliado a sua competitividade com relação aos principais países produtores.----------------------------------------------Changes happened in the world economy, such as liberalization of markets and formation of blocks any they have been demanding that developing countries, Brazil’s case, accompany such transformations mainly in what refers to the search for differentiated products of larger quality. Before that, the sugar sector began a process of productive restructuring, seeking to stimulate the modernization and, with that, to enlarge competitiveness in international trade. Considering the importance of that sector for Brazilian economy, regaling the participation in GDP and in generation dollar, the objective of this paper is evaluate the competitiveness of Brazilian sugar exports, in the period from 1990 to 2004. The theoretical model was Theory of the competitiveness and of the International Trade. The analysis was based on the acting indicators, efficiency and capacity. Data were obtained in several institutions; such as the Ministry of the development of agriculture and trade (SECEX), of the Fundação Getúlio Vargas, the Organization of the United Nations for the Agriculture (FAO), FNP Consultoria and the Ministry of the Science and Technology (MCT). The indicators of competitiveness indicated that Brazilian sugar is highly competitive in international scene, because exports were growing and decreasing imports, arriving, in some periods, to zero. It was verified, also, the representativeness of sugar in agricultural GDP and in the generation of dollar to the country. Efficiency indicators and capacity showed that Brazil is increasing competitiveness through larger incomes and larger expenses in science and technology, respectively. Therefore the sugar sector has been enlarging competitiveness company the main producing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Martins, Alexandra Pereira & Maciel, Marilia Fernandes & Rosado, Patricia Lopes & Lirio, Viviani Silva, 2008. "Análise Da Competitividade Do Açúcar Brasileiro No Mercado Internacional, 1990 A 2004," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 113188, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:113188
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.113188
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