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Impactos Econômico E Ambiental Da Produção Integrada De Abacaxi No Estado Do Tocantis - Brasil

Author

Listed:
  • Almeida, Clovis Oliveira de
  • Matos, Aristoteles Pires de
  • Cardoso, Carlos Estevao Leite

Abstract

A produção integrada de abacaxi no Brasil teve início nos estados de Tocantins, Paraíba e Bahia. Em Tocantins, onde o sistema mais avançou, a produção integrada já alcançou escala comercial: 150 hectares plantados em 2007, com adesão de 15 produtores e 11 municípios. A avaliação dos impactos econômico e ambiental foi realizada com o uso do Ambitec-Agro, desenvolvido pela Embrapa Meio-Ambiente. A adoção da produção integrada em estabelecimentos rurais selecionados no Estado do Tocantins, além de ter conduzido ao uso de pesticidas de menor toxicidade, também reduziu a quantidade e o número de aplicação, resultado em economia na aquisição do produto e nos gastos com aplicação. Em média, a quantidade aplicada de pesticida foi reduzida nas seguintes percentagens: herbicida (47 %), inseticida (37 %) e fungicida (20 %). A freqüência de uso de herbicida, antes em torno de quatro aplicações, passou para duas após a adoção da produção integrada. No sistema convencional, a freqüência de aplicação dos demais pesticidas era preestabelecida por calendário, o qual conduzia o agricultor a fazer de oito a nove aplicações de inseticida e seis de fungicida por ciclo da cultura. No sistema integrado, a decisão de aplicação é tomada com base no monitoramento de pragas e doenças, que determina a época de aplicação em função da necessidade de uso. O efeito positivo da produção integrada sobre o meio ambiente foi fortemente influenciado pela melhoria na Qualidade do Solo e na redução no Uso de Agroquímicos, resultando em índice de impacto igual a 2,34, numa escala de –15 a +15. -----------------------------------------------Integrated pineapple production I Brazil initiated in the States of Tocantins, Paraiba and Bahia. In Tocantins where the system advanced more, integrated production reached commercial level: 150 hectares in 2007, conducted by 15 pineapple growers in 11 municipalities. Evaluation of economic and environmental impacts was performed according to the “System Ambitec-Agro”, composed by a pool of indicators and components related to technology efficiency, environmental preservation and recovery. Eight growers were surveyed, all of them at the same integrated production level, as well as three experts that work on the project. In conventional production system pesticides are applied in a preventive way, usually there are nine insecticide applications and six fungicide applications during the crop cycle. In the integrated production system, the decision to spray pesticide is based on the monitoring of pests and diseases. Besides promoting the use of less toxic pesticides, the practice of the integrated pineapple production reduced the amount and the number of pesticide applications, thus resulting in lower production costs in comparison with the conventional system. Reductions in pesticides were as follows: herbicides, 47%, insecticides, 37% and fungicides, 20%. The use of herbicide decreased from four pre-emergence applications to two post-emergence applications during the crop cycle. The positive effect of the integrated pineapple production on the environment was due to the improvement on soil quality and reduction on pesticides applications, resulting in an index equal to 2.34, of a scale ranging from –15 to +15.

Suggested Citation

  • Almeida, Clovis Oliveira de & Matos, Aristoteles Pires de & Cardoso, Carlos Estevao Leite, 2008. "Impactos Econômico E Ambiental Da Produção Integrada De Abacaxi No Estado Do Tocantis - Brasil," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 112697, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:112697
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.112697
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    Keywords

    Livestock Production/Industries;

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