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Os Descompassos Do Programa Nacional De Produção E Uso De Biodiesel (Pnpb) No Nordeste

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  • Goncalves, Marcos Falcao
  • Evangelista, Francisco Raimundo

Abstract

O Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel – PNBP é uma resposta brasileira às preocupações mundiais com o esgotamento dos combustíveis fósseis. O Brasil tem papel de destaque no cenário mundial, graças, principalmente, às suas vantagens comparativas, especialmente um amplo território com clima favorável ao cultivo de grande variedade de matérias-primas potenciais para a produção de biocombustíveis e um setor de pesquisa agropecuária avançado. O governo brasileiro resolveu aproveitar essa nova oportunidade de negócios também para a promoção do desenvolvimento rural e a inclusão social. Por isso, elegeu a mamona como principal oleaginosa do Programa, pensando beneficiar especialmente a agricultura familiar da Região Nordeste. Apesar disso, o desempenho do Programa no Nordeste ainda não corresponde às expectativas. Este artigo descreve os problemas enfrentados pelo Programa e investiga brevemente as causas desse fraco desempenho, utilizando a abordagem de agronegócios. Conclui-se que o Programa não está tendo o desempenho esperado por falta de coordenação entre os elos: o segmento industrial avançou rápido demais e não há estímulo – particularmente sob a forma de preços – para o avanço da parte agrícola. Não parece haver o risco de a agricultura patronal (representada pelo agronegócio da soja) se apropriar do Programa. Além disso, há ainda problemas no ambiente organizacional (pesquisas) que limitam a disseminação das culturas alternativas à mamona. ----------------------------------------------The Program of Production and Use of Biodiesel - PNBP is a Brazilian reply to the world-wide concerns with the exhaustion of fossil fuels. Brazil has a prominent role in the world-wide scene, thanks to its comparative advantages, especially a broad territory with a favorable climate to a great variety of potential agricultural raw materials for the biofuel production and an advanced farming research sector. The Brazilian government decided to use this new business opportunity to promoting rural development and social inclusion. Because of this, it chose castor oil plant as the main raw material, aiming to benefit especially the Northeast Region’s familiar agriculture. Although this, the Northeastern Program’s performance not corresponds to the expectations yet. This article describes the problems faced by the Program and briefly investigates the causes of this weak performance, using the agribusiness approach. It concludes that the Program is not having the waited performance due to the lack of coordination between the segments: the industrial segment advanced too fast and there is not incentive - particularly as prices - for the agricultural growth. It does not seems to have the risk of large scale agriculture (represented by the soybean agribusiness) to take over the Program. Moreover, there are problems in the organizational environment (research) that limit the alternative cultures’ dissemination.

Suggested Citation

  • Goncalves, Marcos Falcao & Evangelista, Francisco Raimundo, 2008. "Os Descompassos Do Programa Nacional De Produção E Uso De Biodiesel (Pnpb) No Nordeste," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 109526, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:109526
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.109526
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    Resource /Energy Economics and Policy;

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