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A Trajetória das Pesquisas com Práticas Agrícolas mais Ecológicas na Embrapa, no período de 1978 a 2002

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  • Borges Filho, Epaminondas Luiz

Abstract

Este trabalho analisa a trajetória das pesquisas com práticas mais ecológicas na Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), no período de 1978 a 2002. Para realizarmos tal tarefa, analisamos as pesquisas (projetos e subprojetos) coordenadas pela Embrapa na área de agricultura, procurando identificar a trajetória percorrida pela pesquisa em relação às questões ambientais. O Pronapa (Programa Nacional de Pesquisa Agropecuária) foi a fonte de dados para o estudo. As pesquisas analisadas em cada uma das sistemáticas de planejamento da Embrapa foram agrupadas, de acordo com o enfoque ambiental, em quatro diferentes eixos de pesquisa: i) pesquisas convencionais; ii) pesquisas de tecnologias intermediárias ou amenas; iii) pesquisas revolucionárias; e iv) pesquisas de alta tecnologia. A análise das pesquisas sob um enfoque ambiental revelou nitidamente o redirecionamento das pesquisas da Embrapa, que diminuiu as pesquisas baseadas no padrão produtivista e se orientou para um novo modelo, marcado por práticas agrícolas mais ecológicas. Num primeiro momento, esse redirecionamento foi devido à necessidade de reduzir o consumo de insumos agrícolas, isto é, o direcionamento da pesquisa foi devido a fatores econômicos e não ambientais. Num segundo momento, o crescimento das pesquisas com tecnologias mais ecológicas foi devido ao agravamento dos impactos ambientais. This paper analyzes the trajectory of the researches with practices more ecological in Brazilian Enterprise of Agricultural Research (EMBRAPA), in the period between 1978 and 2002. In order to do this, we analyzed the research (projects and subprojects) coordinated by EMBRAPA in the area of agriculture during 14 years, aiming to identify the trajectory estabilished by research with regard to environmental questions. The source of data for our investigation was the archives of PRONAPA (National Program of Agricultural Research). The analyzed researches in each one of the planning taxonomy of EMBRAPA were grouped into four different research branches, according to the environmental approach: i) conventional researches; ii) intermediate technology researches or temperate ones; iii) revolutionary researches; iv) high technology researches. The analysis of the researches on a environmental approach revealed clearly a new orientation in researches of EMBRAPA, which reduced those ones based on the productive pattern and priorized a new model, which is characterized by more ecological agricultural practices. In a first moment, this new orientation was due to the need to reduce the consumption of agricultural materials, i.e., the new orientation of the research was due to economical factors and not environmental ones. In a second moment, the growth of researches with more ecological technologies was due to the worsening of environmental impacts.

Suggested Citation

  • Borges Filho, Epaminondas Luiz, 2008. "A Trajetória das Pesquisas com Práticas Agrícolas mais Ecológicas na Embrapa, no período de 1978 a 2002," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 103117, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:103117
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.103117
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