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Abgrenzung und Typisierung ländlicher Räume

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  • Kuepper, Patrick

Abstract

Zusammenfassung In diesem Working Paper wird eine Methodik zur Abgrenzung und Typisierung ländlicher Räume entwickelt, um diese Räume anhand von Daten der amtlichen Statistiken beschreiben und analysieren zu können. Hierzu werden zwei Dimensionen definiert, jeweils mit mehreren Indikatoren operationalisiert und mit Hilfe einer Hauptkomponentenanalyse zu je einem Index aggregiert. Zum einen wird die Dimension Ländlichkeit genutzt, um ländliche von nicht-ländlichen Regionen abzugrenzen und um innerhalb dieser Raumkategorie zwischen eher ländlichen und sehr ländlichen Räumen zu unterscheiden. Die Ländlichkeit ist tendenziell umso ausgeprägter, je geringer die Siedlungsdichte, je höher der Anteil land- und forstwirtschaftlicher Fläche, je höher der Anteil der Ein- und Zweifamilienhäuser, je geringer das Bevölkerungspotenzial und je schlechter die Erreichbarkeit großer Zentren ist. Zum zweiten wird die Dimension sozioökonomische Lage verwendet, um die ländlichen Regionen in solche mit guter und weniger guter sozioökonomischer Lage auszudifferenzieren. Damit wird die Erkenntnis aufgegriffen, dass mit Ländlichkeit keineswegs automatisch sozioökonomische Problemlagen einhergehen. Durch die Kombination beider Dimensionen entstehen so neben dem nicht-ländlichen Raumtyp vier Typen. Im Ergebnis der Abgrenzung leben 57,2 % der Einwohner Deutschlands in ländlichen Räumen auf 91,3 % der Fläche. Die Bevölkerungsanteile der vier ländlichen Raumtypen sind relativ ausgeglichen und liegen zwischen ca. 11 und 16 %.////////////////////////////////////Summary In this Working Paper we develop a method to delimit and typologize rural areas in Germany as a research tool to describe and analyze these areas with official statistics. Therefore, we define two dimensions, select indicators to operationalize both dimensions, and aggregate these indicators using principal component analysis for building two indices. Our first dimension refers to rurality, which enables us to delimit rural areas and to differentiate them into fairly rural and very rural areas. The rurality of a county intensifies the lower the density of settlements, the more open the built environment, the more the landscape is dominated by agriculture and forestry, the fewer inhabitants live in the catchment area, and the longer the distance to large centers. In addition to rurality, the second dimension consists of the socio-economic conditions in order to differentiate rural areas in those with good or less good conditions. Thereby, we consider that socio-economic problems are not per se connected to rurality. Combining both dimensions, we generate four ii Zusammenfassung/Summary spatial types apart from the non-rural type. As a result of the delimitation, 57.2 % of the German population live in rural areas, which sum up for 91.3 % of the total area. Each of the four types amounts to about 11 to 16 % of the population, thus representing a relatively balanced allocation.

Suggested Citation

  • Kuepper, Patrick, 2016. "Abgrenzung und Typisierung ländlicher Räume," Thünen Working Paper 250262, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (vTI), Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:jhimwp:250262
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.250262
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    Keywords

    Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods;

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