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Impact of Border Carbon Adjustments on Agricultural Emissions – Can Tariffs Reduce Carbon Leakage?

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  • Nordin, Ida
  • Wilhelmsson, Frederik
  • Jansson, Torbjörn
  • Fellmann, Thomas
  • Barreiro-Hurle, Jesús
  • Himics, Mihaly

Abstract

There is concern that unilateral climate action in the EU agricultural sector may cause higher emissions abroad (i.e. emission leakage) and harm the competitiveness of the EU´s agricultural sector. Applying the CAPRI model, this paper assesses the potential for border carbon adjustments (BCA) in the form of import tariffs to limit the leakage of emissions and preserve the competitiveness of the EU agricultural sector. Our results show that even though BCA reduces emission leakage, 92 % of the emission reduction in the EU is still offset by emission increases outside the EU. What limits the effectiveness of the investigated BCA measures is that those measures are unilateral, and thus they only adjust for the reduced competiveness at the EU internal market, whereas EU exports are still largely replaced by commodities produced in less GHG-efficient countries. Therefore, BCA alone cannot solve the high risk of emission leakage in the agri-food sector as a consequence of unilateral EU climate action.

Suggested Citation

  • Nordin, Ida & Wilhelmsson, Frederik & Jansson, Torbjörn & Fellmann, Thomas & Barreiro-Hurle, Jesús & Himics, Mihaly, 2019. "Impact of Border Carbon Adjustments on Agricultural Emissions – Can Tariffs Reduce Carbon Leakage?," 2019: Trading for Good - Agricultural Trade in the Context of Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation... Symposium, June 23-25, 2019, Seville, Spain 312536, International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:iat19e:312536
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.312536
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    Cited by:

    1. Yu, Wusheng & Clora, Francesco & Costa, Louis & Baudry, Gino, 2021. "Dietary Transitions As Climate Mitigation Measures in Europe: Implications of Supply-Side Responses and Trade Policy Regimes," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315912, International Association of Agricultural Economists.

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