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Klimapolitik in Deutschland: Eine Problemanalyse aus Expertensicht

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  • Bockem, Alexandra

Abstract

Bei dem vorliegenden Beitrag handelt es sich um die Auswertung von Interviews mit Beteiligten der deutschen Klimapolitik. Die Klimapolitik in Deutschland ist durch eine Diskrepanz zwischen anspruchsvollen Emissionsreduktionszielen und deren mangelnder Umsetzung geprägt. Hierfür werden von den befragten Akteuren zwei Hauptursachen angegeben: der Querschnittscharakter der Klimapolitik und die asymmetrischen Einflußmöglichkeiten der verschiedenen vom Klimaschutz betroffenen Interessen. Darüber hinaus hat die Diskussion darüber, ob Selbstverpflichtungen oder eine ökologische Steuerreform das geeignete Instrument zur Umsetzung der Minderungsziele darstellen, die Klimapolitik gelähmt. Die zu beobachtenden Erosionserscheinungen in der Dominanz der Wirtschaftsverbände lassen allerdings hoffen, daß Umweltschutzinteressen in Zukunft ein höheres politisches Gewicht erhalten. Nichtsdestotrotz bedarf es auch institutioneller Reformen und einer Versöhnung der in der klimapolitischen Instrumentendiskussion konfliktorisch einander gegenüberstehenden Positionen, wenn man die gesetzten Reduktionsziele erreichen will. This paper presents an evaluation of interviews that were hold with persons involved in German climate policy. Climate policy in Germany is characterized by a lack of action in meeting far-reaching emissions-reduction targets. The experts who were asked about their views named two main reasons for that. Firstly, many important policy sectors with regard to climate change fall under the power of ministries others than the Federal Ministry for the Environment which is responsible for setting the targets. Secondly, there are great differences in political influence of the concerned social interests. Moreover, the discussion on wether voluntary agreements or an environmental tax reform is the right instrument to reduce emissions has paralyzed climate policy. However, the dominant position of climate policy opponents is exposed to erosion so that the political importance of environmental interests will hopefully increase. Nevertheless, institutional reforms are required and the opposing interests concerning instrument choice must be reconciled in order to reach the reduction targets.

Suggested Citation

  • Bockem, Alexandra, 2000. "Klimapolitik in Deutschland: Eine Problemanalyse aus Expertensicht," Discussion Paper Series 26175, Hamburg Institute of International Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:hwwadp:26175
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.26175
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    Keywords

    Environmental Economics and Policy;

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