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Enquête diagnostic sur la maladie des taches noires de l'ananas à la Martinique : Problématique et méthodologie

Author

Listed:
  • Bernasconi, B.
  • Marie, F.
  • Risede, J.M.

Abstract

En Martinique la maladie des taches noires constitue le problème majeur de la production intensive de l'ananas, occasionnant en moyenne 10 % de perte par an. Si l'on possède des renseignements sur la nature des agents causaux, les mécanismes d'infection et la symptomatologie, en revanche l'étiologie exacte de cette maladie soumise à l'influence de très nombreux facteurs (populations des agents pathogènes et des vecteurs, conditions climatiques, pratiques culturales) reste peu connue. Afin d'identifier et de hiérarchiser ces facteurs dans les conditions martiniquaises une enquête diagnostic a été initiée. Le principe de l'enquête repose sur l'observation d'un nombre important d'unités élémentaires représentatives de la plus grande variabilité possible. L'analyse d'environ 120 parcelles (3 dates de plantations concernant chacune environ 40 parcelles) permettra d'étudier la variabilité temporelle et spatiale dans l'expression de la maladie et de dégager les principaux facteurs explicatifs. Ainsi l'enquête diagnostic a pour objectif essentiel, outre une meilleure connaissance de la maladie, la proposition de solutions techniques concrètes, notamment en terme de pratiques culturales, visant à réduire l'impact de cette maladie. ----- In Martinique the black spot disease is the main problem for intensive pineapple cultivation as it results in average losses of 10%. Although the nature of the causal agents, the infection mechanisms and the symptomatology are known to some extent, the etiology of the disease, the expression of which depends on many factors (populations of pathogens and vectors, climatic conditions, cultural practices), is poorly documented. To identify and hierarchize these factors in the context of Martinique, a diagnostic survey was initiated. This method consists in sampling a high number of elementary observation units to represent the widest variability of situations. Practically, the analysis of 120 observation units (about 40 plots observed at 3 planting dates) will allow to study spatial and temporal variability in the expression of the disease and to identify the most significant factors. So, the main objectives of the diagnostic survey are not only a better understanding of the disease but also the proposai of technical solutions (cultural practices) to reduce the impact of the disease.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernasconi, B. & Marie, F. & Risede, J.M., 1993. "Enquête diagnostic sur la maladie des taches noires de l'ananas à la Martinique : Problématique et méthodologie," 29th Annual Meeting, 1993, Martinique 258806, Caribbean Food Crops Society.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:cfcs93:258806
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.258806
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