IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/cafp17/253213.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Innovation, Climate, and Ontario Corn and Soybean Yield Volatilities

Author

Listed:
  • Jiang, Yuetian

Abstract

The importance of yield volatility, specifically low yield realizations, is evidenced by the significant public monies via business risk management programs meant to offset the financial burdens of such outcomes. Significant increases in yield volatilities has been well documented in the literature. Corn and soybean yields and yield volatilities in Ontario are modelled in a number of ways. First, yields are modelled as a mixture of two normals (to accommodate the variety of yield density structures) allowing for differing rates of technological change in each component. There is strong evidence for both corn and soybean that rates of technological change differ in different parts of the yield distribution giving rise to increased volatility. There is additional evidence, albeit comparatively weaker, that variances within the components are also heteroskedastic. The stability of the component probability, that is the probability of a low tail realization, is tested for and there is some evidence that the probability is increasing overtime. In addition, the probability of a low tail outcome is modelled as a function of climate variables including Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPR), Harmful Degree Days (HDD), Growing Degree Days (GDD), and precipitation. The results are consistent with the literature investigating midwest corn yields. We also find some evidence that yields, because of technological innovations, are becoming more susceptible to precipitation shortfalls. The spatial variation in yield trends and volatilities is modelled in a Lobell and Ansner (2003, Science) framework to consider the effects of a changing climate on yield trends and volatility trends. L'importance de l'instabilité du rendement, spécifiquement la réalisation de faible rendement, est mise en évidence par les fonds publics importants | par le biais des programmes de gestion des risques de l'entreprise | destinés à compenser le fardeau financier de tels résultats. Les augmentations significatives de l'instabilité des rendements ont été bien documentées dans la littérature. Le rendement du maïs et du soja et l'instabilité des rendements en Ontario ont été modélisés de nombreuses façons différentes. Tout d'abord, les rendements sont modélisés comme un mélange de deux normales (pour tenir compte de la variété de structure de densité de rendement) permettant des taux différents de changement technologique pour chaque élément. Il y a une forte évidence autant pour le maïs que pour le soja que les taux de changement technologique diffèrent pour différentes parties de la distribution du rendement donnant lieu à une augmentation de l'instabilité. Il y a une évidence supplémentaire, bien que comparativement plus faible, que les variances entre les éléments sont aussi hétéroscédastiques. La stabilité de la probabilité de l'élément, c'est-à-dire la probabilité d'obtenir une faible réalisation, est testée et il existe des preuves que cette probabilité augmente avec le temps. En outre, la probabilité d'un faible résultat est modélisée comme une fonction de variables du climat incluant le déficit de pression de vapeur (DPV), les degrés-jours nuisibles (Harmful Degree Days, HDD), les degrés-jours de croissance (DJC) et les précipitations. Les résultats concordent avec les rendements du maïs dans le Midwest présents dans la littérature. Nous avons aussi trouvé des évidences que les rendements, à cause des innovations technologiques, deviennent plus susceptibles aux précipitations insuffisantes. La variation spatiale des tendances et de l'instabilité des rendements est modélisée dans un cadre proposé par Lobell et Ansner (2003, Science) pour considérer les effets des changements climatiques sur les tendances du rendement et les tendances de l'instabilité.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiang, Yuetian, 2017. "Innovation, Climate, and Ontario Corn and Soybean Yield Volatilities," 7th Annual Canadian Agri-Food Policy Conference, January 11-13, 2017, Ottawa, ON 253213, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:cafp17:253213
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.253213
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/253213/files/Poster_Yuetian_Jiang2.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.253213?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Crop Production/Industries;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:cafp17:253213. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/caefmea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.