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Impact of Changes to the USO

Author

Listed:
  • Christian Strobel

    (Frontier Economics)

  • George Houpis

    (Frontier Economics)

  • Hamish Forsyth

    (Frontier Economics)

Abstract

As a result of ongoing digitalisation, Universal Service Providers (USP) across Europe have experienced significant declines in letter mail volumes and significant growth in parcel mail driven by the growth of e-commerce. As we have previously shown, the decline in letter volumes can result in USPs’ economic sustainability being increasingly reliant on growing volumes in competitive parcel markets. In 2023, we explored a range of policy options that could be considered to maintain a USO.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Strobel & George Houpis & Hamish Forsyth, 2026. "Impact of Changes to the USO," Topics in Regulatory Economics and Policy,, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:topchp:978-3-032-00502-1_3
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-00502-1_3
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