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Addition and Subtraction Theorems for the Sine and the Cosine in Medieval India

In: Gaṇitānanda

Author

Listed:
  • K. Ramasubramanian

    (Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Cell for Indian Science and Technology in Sanskrit, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences)

Abstract

The paper deals with the rules of finding the sines and the cosines of the sum and difference of two angles when those of the two angles are known separately. The rules, as found in the important medieval Indian works, are equivalent to the correct modern mathematical results. Indians of the said period also knew several proofs of the formulas. These proofs are based on simple algebraic and geometrical reasoning, including proportionality of sides of similar triangles and the Ptolemy’s theorem.

Suggested Citation

  • K. Ramasubramanian, 2019. "Addition and Subtraction Theorems for the Sine and the Cosine in Medieval India," Springer Books, in: K. Ramasubramanian (ed.), Gaṇitānanda, pages 371-387, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-981-13-1229-8_37
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1229-8_37
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