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Basic Concepts, Organizing, and Displaying Data

In: Foundations of Biostatistics

Author

Listed:
  • M. Ataharul Islam

    (University of Dhaka, ISRT)

  • Abdullah Al-Shiha

    (College of Science, King Saud University, Department of Statistics and Operations Research)

Abstract

This chapter introducesbiostatisticsBiostatistics as a discipline that deals with designing studies, analyzingdataData , and developing new statistical techniques to address the problems in the fields of life sciences. This includes collection, organization, summarization, and analysis of data in the fields of biological, health, and medical sciences including other life sciences. One major objective of a biostatistician is to find the values that summarize the basic facts from the sample data and to makeinferenceInference about the representativeness of the estimates using the sample data to make inference about the correspondingpopulationPopulation characteristics. The basic concepts are discussed along with examples and sources of data, levels ofmeasurementMeasurement , and types of variables. Various methods of organizing and displaying data are discussed for both ungrouped andgrouped dataGrouped data . The construction of table is discussed in details. This chapter includes methods of constructing frequency bar chart, dot plot, pie chart,histogramHistogram ,frequency polygonFrequency polygon , andogiveOgive . In addition, the construction ofstem-and-leaf displayStem-and-leaf display is discussed in details. All these are illustrated with examples. As the raw materials ofstatisticsStatistics aredataData , a brief section on designing of sample surveys including planning of a survey and major components is introduced in order to provide some background about collection of data.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Ataharul Islam & Abdullah Al-Shiha, 2018. "Basic Concepts, Organizing, and Displaying Data," Springer Books, in: Foundations of Biostatistics, chapter 0, pages 1-37, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-981-10-8627-4_1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8627-4_1
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