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The developing Xenopus embryo as a complex system: Maternal and zygotic contribution of gene products in nucleo-cytoplasmic and cell-to-cell interactions

In: Complexity and Diversity

Author

Listed:
  • Koichiro Shiokawa

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

  • Hiroshi Fukamachi

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

  • Chie Koga

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

  • Naoki Adati

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

  • Miyuki Amano

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

  • Jun Shinga

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

  • Mikihito Shibata

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

  • Yoichi Yamada

    (University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science)

Abstract

The developing animal embryo constitutes a complex system in which various nucleo-cytoplasmic (N-C) and cell-to-cell (C-C) interactions take place. In that sense, it is possible to define early embryogenesis as a function of these interactions, as for instance is expressed by a formula “Development = f (N-C, C-C)”. We present here our recent studies on temporal and spatial control of the expression of genes in zygotic nucleus and of genes exogenously introduced in Xenopus embryos. For zygotic gene expression, our studies revealed that the syntheses of mRNA, tRNA and rRNA are initiated at the cleavage stage, the stage of midblastula transition (MBT) and late blastula stage, respectively. For exogenously-injected genes, we summarize their expression pattern which is controlled by the promoter they carry in addition to the cytological effects of the injection. We also briefly present our recent results obtained with embryos which had been injected with in vitro-transcribed mRNAs.

Suggested Citation

  • Koichiro Shiokawa & Hiroshi Fukamachi & Chie Koga & Naoki Adati & Miyuki Amano & Jun Shinga & Mikihito Shibata & Yoichi Yamada, 1997. "The developing Xenopus embryo as a complex system: Maternal and zygotic contribution of gene products in nucleo-cytoplasmic and cell-to-cell interactions," Springer Books, in: Eiichi Ryoku Nakamura & Kiyoshi Kudo & Osamu Yamakawa & Yoichi Tamagawa (ed.), Complexity and Diversity, pages 154-162, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-4-431-66862-6_31
    DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-66862-6_31
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