e-Research in International Cooperation Networks in Science and Technology Research

This chapter discusses the methodology that has been developed and the lessons learned in a case study aimed at enhancing the role of e-Research in assisting and nurturing existing and emerging Communities of Practice (CoPs) in International Cooperation in Science and Technology and Innovation Research. International Scientific and Technical Cooperation among geographically dispersed partners, possibly belonging to different economic and cultural environments, constitutes a challenging endeavour. The proposed methodology involves the application of innovative Knowledge Management (KM) strategies and processes based on the intensive use of the new e-Collaboration tools to favour the establishment of Virtual CoPs (VCoPs), a type of social networks where knowledge sharing and exchange processes occur across organizational, cultural and international boundaries. The methodology has been applied to several projects within the scope of the different European Union Programmes on Scientific and Technological Cooperation with Mediterranean Partner Countries. The chapter includes (1) An analysis of the contextual framework; (2) The design, implementation and maintenance of an Organizational KM Strategy; (3) The development of appropriate e-Collaboration tools; (4) The proposal of an assessment analysis model of the impact of these initiatives; and (5) The conclusions and lessons learned in these projects. The latter include the practical importance of some key KM issues such as mutual trust and acceptance of the e-collaboration technology-platform, the need to enhance participation efficiency and to foster members’ commitment, the complexity of the relationships within international cooperation initiatives and the key role of an effective governance mechanism for the sustainable functioning of these VCoPs.