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Variance-Driven Traffic Dynamics

In: Traffic and Granular Flow’05

Author

Listed:
  • Martin Treiber

    (Technische Universität Dresden, Institute for Transport & Economics)

  • Arne Kesting

    (Technische Universität Dresden, Institute for Transport & Economics)

  • Dirk Helbing

    (Technische Universität Dresden, Institute for Transport & Economics
    Collegium Budapest — Institute for Advanced Study)

Abstract

Summary We investigate the adaptation of the time headways in car-following models as a function of the local velocity variance, which is a measure of the inhomogeneity of traffic flows. We apply our meta-model to several car-following models and simulate traffic breakdowns in open systems with an on-ramp bottleneck. Single-vehicle data generated by ‘virtual detectors’ show a semi-quantitative agreement with microscopic data from the Dutch freeway A9. This includes the observed distributions of the net time headways and times-to-collisions for free and congested traffic, and the velocity variance as a function of traffic density. Macroscopic properties such as the observed wide scattering of flow-density data are reproduced as well, even for deterministic simulations. We explain these phenomena by a self-organized variance-driven process that leads to the spontaneous formation and decay of long-lived platoons.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Treiber & Arne Kesting & Dirk Helbing, 2007. "Variance-Driven Traffic Dynamics," Springer Books, in: Andreas Schadschneider & Thorsten Pöschel & Reinhart Kühne & Michael Schreckenberg & Dietrich E. Wol (ed.), Traffic and Granular Flow’05, pages 551-557, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-540-47641-2_53
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-47641-2_53
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