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Divisor Methods of Apportionment: Divide and Round

In: Proportional Representation

Author

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  • Friedrich Pukelsheim

    (Universität Augsburg, Institut für Mathematik)

Abstract

Apportionment methods are procedures for allocating a total number of seats proportionally to vote counts, census figures, or similar quantities. Apportionment methods must be anonymous, balanced, concordant, decent, and exact. Beyond these organizing principles the central issue is proportionality. This chapter focuses on the family of divisor methods; they follow the motto “Divide and round”. The properties of general divisor methods are elaborated in detail. Five divisor methods are of particular traditional interest: the divisor methods with downward rounding, with standard rounding, with geometric rounding, with harmonic rounding, and with upward rounding.

Suggested Citation

  • Friedrich Pukelsheim, 2017. "Divisor Methods of Apportionment: Divide and Round," Springer Books, in: Proportional Representation, edition 2, chapter 0, pages 71-93, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-319-64707-4_4
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64707-4_4
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