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Hydrogen for Steel Production

In: Clean Hydrogen for Decarbonisation

Author

Listed:
  • Aliaksei Patonia

    (The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies)

  • Rahmatallah Poudineh

    (The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies)

Abstract

The global steel industry, responsible for 7–9% of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, faces immense pressure to decarbonise. This chapter explores the potential of clean hydrogen as a key pathway to decarbonise primary steel production, with a focus on hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (DRI) processes combined with electric arc furnaces. It analyses the technological maturity, economic viability, and extensive infrastructure requirements of this pathway, contrasting it with transitional options like natural gas-based DRI with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The chapter further explores the critical policy, regulatory, and certification frameworks needed to support the transition. While hydrogen holds unmatched long-term potential for near-zero emissions steelmaking, the analysis concludes that its widespread adoption is a post-2040 prospect, contingent on plummeting renewable energy costs, robust infrastructure development, and sustained policy support, necessitating a diversified and pragmatic decarbonisation strategy until then.

Suggested Citation

  • Aliaksei Patonia & Rahmatallah Poudineh, 2026. "Hydrogen for Steel Production," Springer Books, in: Clean Hydrogen for Decarbonisation, chapter 0, pages 245-273, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-032-19442-8_10
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-19442-8_10
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