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Competition Policy

In: Industrial Organization

Author

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  • Cintya Lanchimba

    (Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Departamento de Economía Cuantitativa)

Abstract

This chapter examines the role of competition policy in promoting efficiency and fairness in markets. It begins with the development of antitrust regulation in the United States, focusing on landmark legislation such as the Sherman Act, Clayton Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act. These laws aimed to curb monopolistic practices and protect consumer welfare. The analysis then turns to Europe, where competition policy emphasizes preventing cartels, regulating mergers, and fostering market integration. Latin America is also explored, with case studies from Argentina, Brazil, and Ecuador, illustrating the challenges of applying competition law in emerging economies. A detailed discussion of concentration and market power highlights how regulators define relevant markets, measure concentration, and evaluate mergers. The chapter shows how competition policy balances the goals of promoting innovation, ensuring efficiency, and protecting consumers from abuse of power. It concludes with a synthesis of lessons learned across regions and guiding questions for reflection. Students develop an understanding of the global landscape of competition law and its importance for market governance.

Suggested Citation

  • Cintya Lanchimba, 2026. "Competition Policy," Springer Books, in: Industrial Organization, chapter 0, pages 125-150, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-032-10906-4_6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-10906-4_6
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