E-Waste Management in the Circular Economy: A Transition Towards Sustainable Future

Electronic waste (e-waste) has become a fast-growing type of problematic solid waste worldwide. The improper use of e-waste disposal practices, as well as their increased potential to create environmental contamination and human health dangers, has resulted in a global problem. Eliminating the present e-waste management issue is feasible through “sustainable production and consumption,” which requires countries to undergo significant transformations in their societies’ ability to manufacture and consume commodities. This is done via the collective efforts of governments, international organisations, commercial firms, and people to transform outdated production and consumption habits. This study will cover e-waste issues and discuss the dangerous elements contained inside them. The problem of electronic and electrical waste management in developed and emerging nations (namely, India, Japan, and the United States) and appropriate routes, including recyclable components and expanded producer responsibility, will be investigated, culminating in establishing a circular economy. The current state of the e-waste sector will be evaluated in order to examine the issues involved with e-waste recycling and circular economy, such as illegal e-waste trade-in from developed nations and careless discarding, both of which cause significant environmental impact.