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Counterpossibles in Mathematical Practice: The Case of Spoof Perfect Numbers

In: Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice

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  • Alan Baker

    (Swarthmore College, Department of Philosophy)

Abstract

Philosophical theories of counterfactuals have had relatively little to say about counterfactual reasoning in mathematics. Partly this is because most mathematical counterfactuals seem also to be counterpossibles, in that their antecedents deny some necessary truth. In this chapter, I delineate several different categories of mathematical counterfactual (or “countermathematical”) and then examine in detail a case study from mathematical practice that features counterfactual reasoning about “spoof perfect” numbers. I argue that reasoning about spoof perfect numbers presents both a challenge to philosophical analyses of counterfactuals and a resource for thinking more productively about the role of counterfactual reasoning in mathematics.

Suggested Citation

  • Alan Baker, 2024. "Counterpossibles in Mathematical Practice: The Case of Spoof Perfect Numbers," Springer Books, in: Bharath Sriraman (ed.), Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice, pages 2261-2287, Springer.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-031-40846-5_24
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-40846-5_24
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