Governance, Time and Space

This chapter focusses upon the relationship between governance, time and space and forms a basis for the later discussion on maritime and outer space governance and the constraints that make these considerations so difficult. It also provides a framework for the comparison of the two sectors from a governance perspective and how there exists considerable overlap in the way that governance is considered and could be developed further. Maritime governance is discussed in detail and the problems that affect its appropriate and measured application noting the inadequacies characterised by state-centrism, institutionalism, shipowner domination and the static nature of current approaches that do not reflect the nature of the sector. Models of maritime governance are outlined. Current approaches to outer space governance are then discussed and the (similar) inadequacies are outlined. In both sectors the role of jurisdictions, agencies, objectives and instruments is detailed. The role of the United Nations (UN), the European Union (EU) and significant individual nation-states is also discussed. Issues including monopolies, competition, externalities, public goods, markets, infrastructure, needs, integration, coordination, votes, pressure groups, social issues, tradition, employment clustering and economic contribution are also detailed.