Climate Change Adaptation Policy Recommendation for Food Security in Malaysia

This chapter ends with policy proposals focused on the study’s conclusions and clarifies the study’s strengths and shortcomings, as well as its realistic contribution, before pointing out potential research opportunities. According to the Malaysian Integrated Climate and Economy (MICE) model, different approximate values for different levels of adaptation, i.e., 5–20%, were found promising in this study. Following a 5–20% adaptation intervention, both residual and net damage are minimized. Residual loss, on the other hand, decreased from 4.98% to 23.07%, amounting to RM403 million. On the other hand, in terms of net damage, it showed a downward trend of 5–20%, or RM209 million. However, if the adaptation of 5–20% is used instead, these results for residual damage and net harm show a promising pattern. As a result, if the appropriate adaptation option (5–20%) is implemented, it is clear that such policies would have a positive effect on the national economy in terms of climate change mitigation, food security, and long-term sustainability. Recall bias and willful misreporting may affect longer time frames, differences in social discount variables, imperfect competitiveness, numeraire price, and short-run to long-run time choice. Despite the fact that extreme vigilance is exercised during modeling, the findings could have under- or overreported on specific actions discussed in this section. While several variables were examined to fulfill the study’s goal, the omission of other variables may restrict the applicability of the conclusions, and some of the usual criticisms may appear in the analyses. Qualitative research in the future will be beneficial in gaining a deeper understanding of the problems discussed here. While this research is specifically important for climate policy shocks to food sustainability in Malaysia, it can serve as a guideline or foundation for other developing countries fighting climate change for long-term food security.