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Data Exploration, Descriptive Statistics, and Measures of Central Tendency

In: Using R for Biostatistics

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas W. MacFarland

    (Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, Senior Research Associate, Office of Institutional Effectiveness
    Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, Associate Professor, College of Computing and Engineering)

  • Jan M. Yates

    (Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, Professor Emerita, Abraham S. Fischler College of Education)

Abstract

This lesson provides a demonstration of descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency, and graphical presentation of data, which are essential before any inferential statistical analyses are conducted. Initial efforts should be placed on data exploration, and specifically, the use of descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency (e.g., mode, median, mean, standard deviation, etc.). A complete summary of descriptive statistics is presented in this lesson, both for factor-type object variables and numeric object variables of an interval or continuous nature. An initial summary of graphical presentations available through R is provided, with emphasis on fully-embellished, publishable quality graphics deferred until later lessons.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas W. MacFarland & Jan M. Yates, 2021. "Data Exploration, Descriptive Statistics, and Measures of Central Tendency," Springer Books, in: Using R for Biostatistics, chapter 0, pages 57-139, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-030-62404-0_2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-62404-0_2
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